A gaban axle na duk-dabaran drive UAZ motoci akwai pivot majalisai tare da CV gidajen abinci, wanda ya sa ya yiwu don canja wurin karfin juyi zuwa ƙafafun ko da an juya su.Kingpins suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan rukunin - karanta duk game da waɗannan sassa, manufarsu, nau'ikan su, ƙira da aiki a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene UAZ kingpin, manufarsa da ayyuka
Kingpin shine sandar da ke samar da haɗin gwiwar hinge na ƙwanƙwasa na tutiya (wanda aka haɗa tare da gunkin motar) da haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa na tuƙi (SHOPK, a cikin goyon baya akwai maɗaukaki na daidaitattun saurin angular, CV haɗin gwiwa) a gaba. axle na duk-wheel drive UAZ.Kingpins abubuwa ne na injin pivot wanda ke ba da ikon karkatar da ƙafafun tuƙi ba tare da karya kwararar motsi ba.
UAZ kingpins suna da ayyuka masu zuwa:
Yi aiki azaman gatari wanda ƙwanƙarar tuƙi zai iya kewayawa;
Yi aiki azaman abubuwan haɗin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke haɗa haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon da ƙwanƙarar tuƙi zuwa raka'a ɗaya;
• Yi aiki azaman abubuwan ɗaukar kaya waɗanda ke ba da ƙaƙƙarfan mahimmanci na taron pivot, da kuma fahimtar lokutan ƙarfin da ke tashi yayin motsin motar daga ƙwanƙwan sitiya (kuma shi, bi da bi, daga cikin dabaran) da aika su zuwa katakon axle.
UAZ kingpins, duk da sauki zane, taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aiki na gaban axle na SUV, sabili da haka dukan mota.
Nau'in UAZ kingpins
Gabaɗaya, kingpin shine ɗan gajeren sanda na nau'i ɗaya ko wani, wanda aka danna cikin jikin ƙwanƙolin tuƙi tare da ɓangaren sama, kuma ƙananan ƙarshen yana da alaƙa da haɗin gwiwa tare da jikin haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon.Don haɗa ƙwanƙarar tuƙi tare da SHOPK, ana amfani da sarakuna biyu - na sama da ƙasa, ana shigar da sarakuna huɗu akan gada gabaɗaya, bi da bi.
A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an shigar da manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan sarakuna uku a gaban axles na motocin UAZ:
• Sarakuna masu silindi mai siffar T (tare da juyawa a cikin rigar tagulla);
• Haɗaɗɗen sarki tare da ƙwallon (tare da juyawa akan ƙwallon);
• Ƙwayoyin sarƙaƙƙiya masu ɗaukar nauyi (tare da jujjuyawar a kan maɗauri);
• Silindrical-conical kingpins tare da goyan bayan yanayi (tare da juyawa a cikin layin tagulla mai siffar zobe).
T-dimbin cylindrical kingpins - wani classic bayani da aka shigar a farkon model na UAZ motoci tare da drive axles na "Timken" irin (tare da m gearbox crankcase).Haɗaɗɗen sarƙaƙƙiya tare da ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa shine mafi kyawun zamani, waɗannan sassa ana sanya su a kan tudun tuƙi na nau'in "Timken" maimakon na gargajiya na al'ada, suna da girma iri ɗaya.Kingpins tare da goyon baya mai siffar zobe ya fara shigar da sababbin nau'ikan motoci na UAZ tare da nau'in drive axles na nau'in "Spicer" - UAZ-31519, 315195 ("Hunter"), 3160, 3163 ("Patriot") da gyare-gyare.
Kingpins na nau'ikan iri daban-daban suna da bambance-bambancen ƙira.
Zane da ƙa'idar aiki na sarakunan silinda masu siffa T
Irin wannan kingpin wani sashi ne a cikin nau'in silinda guda biyu na diamita daban-daban, wanda aka zana daga kayan aiki guda ɗaya.A ƙarshen ɓangaren babba (fadi), a tsakiyarsa, an zana tashar zaren don shigar da mai.Kusa, tare da haɗuwa daga tsakiya, ƙaramin tashar diamita tare da ganuwar santsi ana hakowa don shigar da fil ɗin kullewa.A gefen gefen ɓangaren ƙananan (kunkuntar), ana ba da hutu na shekara-shekara don rarraba mai.Hakanan, ana iya yin tashoshi ta tsaye a cikin pivot don sa mai gaba ɗaya taron taron.
Ana danna sarki a cikin jikin ƙwanƙarar sitiyari tare da faɗin sashi kuma an gyara shi tare da rufin ƙarfe (ana riƙe shi da kusoshi huɗu), kuma ana hana juyawa ta fil.Tare da kunkuntar sashinsa, an shigar da kingpin a cikin rigar tagulla da aka matse cikin jikin haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon.An daidaita hannun riga ta yadda sarkin zai iya jujjuya shi ba tare da cushewa ba.Metal gaskets an dage farawa a tsakanin fadi da na kingpin da jikin ball hadin gwiwa, tare da taimakon da jeri na dukan pivot inji ne da za'ayi.Don sauƙaƙe juyawa da rage ƙarfin lalacewa na sassa, ana shigar da sarƙoƙi a wani ɗan kusurwa.
Na'urar tana aiki tare da waɗannan sarakunan a sauƙaƙe: lokacin yin motsa jiki, ƙwanƙwan tuƙi yana karkata daga matsayi na tsakiya ta hanyar bipod, sarakunan suna juyawa tare da kunkuntar sassansu a cikin bushings suna danna cikin jikin haɗin gwiwar ƙwallon.Lokacin juyawa, man shafawa daga tashar kingpin yana shiga wurin hutu a cikin ƙananan sashinsa, inda aka rarraba shi a cikin sarari tsakanin sarki da hannun riga - wannan yana rage ƙarfin juzu'i kuma yana rage girman lalacewa na sassa.
Zane da aiki na kingpins akan ƙwallon
Irin wannan sarkin ya ƙunshi sassa uku: na sama, ana matse shi a jikin ƙwanƙolin sitiyari, na ƙasa, ana matse shi a jikin SHOP ɗin, da ƙwallon ƙarfe a tsakanin su.An sanya ƙwallon a cikin ramukan hemispherical, an zana su a ƙarshen sassan kingpin halves.Don lubricate ƙwallon ƙwallon, ana yin tashoshi axial a cikin rabi na kingpin, kuma an ba da tashar zaren don dacewa da mai a cikin ɓangaren sama na kingpin.
Shigar da kingpins a kan ƙwallo ya bambanta da shigar da sarki na al'ada kawai a cikin cewa an shigar da ƙananan rabin a cikin jikin haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon, don haka babu hannun tagulla.
Tsarin pivot yana aiki tare da sassan wannan nau'in a sauƙaƙe: lokacin da aka karkatar da dabaran, ɓangaren sama na kingpin yana jujjuyawa akan ƙwallon, kuma ƙwallon kanta yana jujjuya ɗanɗano kaɗan zuwa rabi na kingpin.Wannan yana tabbatar da raguwar ƙarfin juzu'i da raguwa a cikin ƙarfin lalacewa na sassa dangane da daidaitaccen sarki.
Zane da ka'idar aiki na kingpins a kan bearing
A tsari, sarkin da ke da maƙalli shine mafi rikitarwa, ya ƙunshi sassa uku: ƙananan rabin, wanda aka danna maɗauran nau'i (Bugu da ƙari, za a iya amfani da zoben turawa da aka sanya a ƙarƙashin maƙalar), kuma an danna kejin ɗaukar hoto. cikin gidan sitiyari.A cikin ƙananan rabi akwai tashar axial don samar da mai mai, a cikin cage mai ɗaukar hoto akwai tashar tashar gefe don fil da tashar tsakiya don shigar da mai amfani da man shafawa.
A zahiri, irin wannan nau'in kingpin shine haɓakawa na kingpin akan ƙwallon, amma a nan rabi biyu suna jujjuyawa akan ɗaukar hoto, wanda zai iya rage ƙarfin juzu'i kuma gabaɗaya yana ƙara amincin rukunin.Yin amfani da nau'i-nau'i masu ɗorewa yana ba da ƙarin juriya ga nauyin axial da ke faruwa a lokacin aikin motar.
Zane da ka'idar aiki na kingpins tare da goyon bayan siffar zobe UAZ "Hunter" da "Patriot"
Waɗannan sarakunan sun haɗu da fa'idodin sarakunan gargajiya da na sarauta akan ƙwallon, daga farko sun ɗauki sauƙin ƙira, daga na biyu - ingantaccen aiki da rage ƙarfin juzu'i.A tsari, kingpin sandar silindrical-conical ce tare da kan hemispherical, wanda aka zana daga kayan aiki guda ɗaya.A kunkuntar bangaren sarki, an samar da zare na goro, ana hako tashar man shafawa tare da kutuwar sashin, sannan a yi tsagi a kai don rarraba mai a saman goge.
Kingpin ana sanyawa da kyar a jikin ƙwanƙolin sitiyari, ana amfani da ƙulla hannu don gyarawa, inda sarkin ya shiga da ɓangarensa, daga sama kuma ta hanyar lu'u-lu'u na karfe, ana matse sarkin da hannun riga da goro.Siffar ɓangaren sarki yana kan layin tagulla (a yau akwai gyare-gyare tare da layin filastik, amma ba su da aminci), wanda, bi da bi, an shimfiɗa shi a cikin tallafin sarki a jikin SHOPK.Ana yin gyare-gyaren matsayi na dangi na sassan sassan ta amfani da gaskets da aka sanya a ƙarƙashin rufin sarki.
Sarkin irin wannan nau'in yana aiki kamar haka: lokacin da aka juya ƙafafun, ƙwanƙwasa, daɗaɗɗen haɗi da jikin hannu, suna juyawa a cikin layi tare da kawunansu masu siffar zobe.Bugu da ƙari, irin waɗannan sarakunan sun fi fahimtar karkatar da hannu a cikin jirgin sama na tsaye, wanda ke tabbatar da tsawon rayuwarsu da aminci a kowane yanayi.
Kingpins na kowane nau'i suna lalacewa akan lokaci, na ɗan lokaci ana iya biyan wannan suturar ta hanyar matsawa sassa ko ƙara adadin gaskets, amma wannan kayan yana da sauri ya ƙare kuma ana buƙatar canza kayan kwalliya.Tare da madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin lokaci, motar ta dawo da kwanciyar hankali akan hanya kuma ana iya sarrafa ta cikin aminci ko da a cikin yanayi mai wahala.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2023