Kowace mota tana da na'ura mai sauƙi amma mai mahimmanci wanda ke taimakawa wajen kula da aikin injiniya - na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki.Karanta game da abin da firikwensin zafin jiki yake, wane zane yake da shi, akan menene ka'idodin aikinsa, da kuma wurin da yake cikin motar.
Menene firikwensin zafin jiki
Coolant zafin jiki firikwensin (DTOZh) firikwensin lantarki ne wanda aka ƙera don auna zafin sanyi (sanyi) na tsarin sanyaya injin konewa na ciki.Ana amfani da bayanan da firikwensin ya samu don magance matsaloli da yawa:
• Ikon gani na yanayin zafin wutar lantarki - ana nuna bayanai daga firikwensin akan na'urar da ta dace (thermometer) akan dashboard a cikin mota;
• Daidaita tsarin aikin injiniya daban-daban (ikon, kunnawa, sanyaya, recirculation gas da sauransu) daidai da tsarin zafin jiki na yanzu - bayanai daga DTOZH an ciyar da su zuwa sashin kula da lantarki (ECU), wanda ke yin gyare-gyare masu dacewa.
Ana amfani da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki na Coolant a cikin duk motocin zamani, suna da ƙira iri ɗaya da ƙa'idar aiki.
Nau'i da ƙira na na'urori masu auna zafin jiki
A cikin motocin zamani (kazalika a cikin na'urorin lantarki daban-daban), ana amfani da na'urori masu auna zafin jiki, abubuwan da ke da mahimmanci a cikin su shine thermistor (ko thermistor).Thermistor na'ura ce ta semiconductor wacce juriyar wutar lantarki ta dogara da zafinta.Akwai thermistors tare da madaidaicin zafin jiki mara kyau da inganci na juriya (TCS), don na'urori tare da TCS mara kyau, juriya yana raguwa tare da ƙara yawan zafin jiki, don na'urori tare da ingantaccen TCS, akasin haka, yana ƙaruwa.A yau, ana amfani da thermistors tare da TCS mara kyau, saboda sun fi dacewa da rahusa.
A tsari, duk mota DTOZh asali iri daya ne.Tushen zane shine jikin ƙarfe (Silinda) wanda aka yi da tagulla, tagulla ko wani ƙarfe mai jure lalata.Ana yin jikin ta hanyar da sashinsa ke hulɗa da kwararar mai sanyaya - a nan ne thermistor, wanda kuma za a iya danna shi ta hanyar bazara (don ƙarin amintaccen lamba tare da harka).A cikin babba na jiki akwai lamba (ko lambobin sadarwa) don haɗa firikwensin zuwa da'irar daidaitaccen tsarin lantarki na abin hawa.Har ila yau, an zare harka ɗin kuma an yi hexagon maɓalli don hawa firikwensin a cikin tsarin sanyaya injin.
Na'urori masu auna zafin jiki sun bambanta ta yadda ake haɗa su da ECU:
• Tare da daidaitaccen haɗin lantarki - firikwensin yana da haɗin filastik (ko toshe) tare da lambobi;
• Tare da dunƙule lamba - lamba ɗaya tare da dunƙule dunƙule an yi akan firikwensin;
• Tare da lambar fil - fil ɗaya ko spatula ana ba da ita akan firikwensin.
Sensors na nau'i na biyu da na uku suna da lamba ɗaya kawai, lamba ta biyu ita ce jikin firikwensin, wanda aka haɗa da "ƙasa" na tsarin lantarki na mota ta hanyar injin.Ana amfani da irin waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin akan motocin kasuwanci da manyan motoci, akan na musamman, na noma da sauran kayan aiki.
Ana ɗora firikwensin zafin jiki mai zafi a mafi zafi na tsarin sanyaya injin - a cikin bututun da aka shayar da kan Silinda.A kan motocin zamani, ana shigar da DTOZhS biyu ko ma uku a lokaci ɗaya, kowannensu yana yin aikinsa:
• Firikwensin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio (mai nuna zafin sanyi) shine mafi sauƙi, yana da ƙarancin daidaito, tunda kawai yana taimakawa wajen tantance yanayin zafin wutar lantarki;
• firikwensin ECU a mashigar shugaban naúrar shine mafi girman alhakin da ingantaccen firikwensin (tare da kuskuren 1-2.5 ° C), wanda ke ba ku damar bin diddigin canje-canjen zazzabi na digiri da yawa;
• firikwensin firikwensin radiyo - firikwensin ƙarami na ƙarancin daidaito, wanda ke tabbatar da kunnawa da kashe fanka mai sanyaya wutar lantarki akan lokaci.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da yawa suna ba da ƙarin bayani game da tsarin zafin jiki na yanzu na rukunin wutar lantarki kuma suna ba ku damar ƙarin dogaro da saka idanu akan ayyukanta.
Ka'idar aiki da wuri na firikwensin zafin jiki a cikin abin hawa
Gabaɗaya, ka'idar aiki na firikwensin zafin jiki yana da sauƙi.Ana amfani da wutar lantarki akai-akai (yawanci 5 ko 9 V) akan firikwensin, kuma ƙarfin lantarki ya faɗi akan thermistor daidai da dokar Ohm (saboda juriya).Canjin zafin jiki yana haifar da canjin juriya na thermistor (lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi, juriya yana raguwa, lokacin da zafin jiki ya ragu, yana ƙaruwa), don haka raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayen firikwensin.Ma'aunin ƙima na raguwar ƙarfin lantarki (ko kuma wajen, ainihin ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayen firikwensin) ana amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ko ECU don tantance zafin injin na yanzu.
Don kula da gani na yanayin zafin wutar lantarki, ana haɗa na'urar lantarki ta musamman zuwa da'irar firikwensin - ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio.Na'urar tana amfani da iska biyu ko uku na wutar lantarki, a tsakanin su akwai abin hannu mai motsi tare da kibiya.Iska ɗaya ko biyu suna samar da filin maganadisu akai-akai, kuma ana haɗa iska ɗaya a cikin da'irar firikwensin zafin jiki, don haka filin maganadisu yana canzawa dangane da yanayin sanyi.Sakamakon mu'amalar ma'aunin maganadisu akai-akai da mabambantan filayen maganadisu a cikin iskar, hakan kan sanya makamin ya rika zagayawa a gefensa, wanda ke haifar da canji a matsayin allurar thermometer a bugunsa.
Don sarrafa aikin motar a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban da sarrafa tsarinsa, ana ciyar da karatun firikwensin zuwa sashin kula da lantarki ta hanyar mai kulawa da ya dace.Ana auna zafin jiki ta girman raguwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin na'urar firikwensin, don wannan dalili a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ECU akwai tebur na wasiƙa tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki a cikin kewayen firikwensin da zafin injin.Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, ana ƙaddamar da algorithms daban-daban don aiki na manyan injiniyoyi a cikin ECU.
Dangane da karatun DTOZH, ana daidaita tsarin aikin wutan lantarki (canza lokacin kunna wuta), samar da wutar lantarki (canza abun da ke tattare da cakuda mai-iska, raguwar ko wadatar ta, sarrafa taro na maƙura), recirculation na iskar gas wasu.Hakanan, ECU, daidai da zafin injin, yana saita saurin crankshaft da sauran halaye.
Na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki akan radiyo mai sanyaya yana aiki a irin wannan hanya, ana amfani dashi don sarrafa fan ɗin lantarki.A wasu motocin, ana iya haɗa wannan firikwensin tare da babba don ƙarin madaidaicin sarrafa tsarin injin iri-iri.
Na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kowane abin hawa tare da injin konewa na ciki, idan akwai matsala, dole ne a maye gurbinsa da wuri-wuri - kawai a cikin wannan yanayin za a tabbatar da aikin al'ada na rukunin wutar lantarki a kowane yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2023