Don aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin motoci da yawa, ana buƙatar bututun da ke da juriya ga mai, mai da sauran muggan yanayi.Ana amfani da bututun mai da man fetur (MBS), hoses da bututu kamar irin waɗannan bututun - karanta game da waɗannan samfuran, nau'ikan su, ƙira da halaye a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene tiyo mai jure wa mai?
Mai jure wa mai da man feturtiyo (MBS hose, MBS hose) bututu ne mai sassauƙa wanda aka ƙera don samarwa (samarwa, famfo) mai, man dizal, mai, ruwan birki da sauran samfuran mai, da masu sanyaya, maganin acid mai rauni da sauran kafofin watsa labarai marasa ƙarfi.
MBS hoses ana amfani da hermetic dangane da aka gyara a cikin man fetur, man fetur, birki da sauran tsarin na motocin, a na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tsarin na low da high matsa lamba samar da kayan aiki, domin yin famfo kayayyakin man fetur tsakanin tankuna da daban-daban kayan aiki, da dai sauransu Ba kamar m karfe bututu, hoses. ƙyale ƙaurawar sassan tsarin dangi da juna, suna tsayayya da lalacewa da mummunan tasiri da kyau.Duk wannan ya haifar da yawaitar amfani da hoses na MBS a sassa daban-daban na fasaha, masana'antu, da sauransu.
Nau'i da halaye na MBS hoses
MBS hoses (hoses) an rarraba su bisa ga babban kayan aiki na ƙera, manufa da dacewa, da halaye.
Dangane da kayan aikin samarwa, hoses sune:
• Rubber - yadudduka na ciki da na waje na bututu (hannun hannu) an yi su ne da nau'ikan roba daban-daban waɗanda ke da tsayayya ga wasu ruwa da iskar gas;
• PVC - tiyo an yi shi da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan polyvinyl chloride da sauran polymers waɗanda ke jure yanayin yanayi daban-daban.
Bisa ga manufar, MBS hoses sun kasu kashi uku:
• Matsi - wanda aka tsara don yin aiki a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba (daga yanayi da sama), an dauki matakai a cikin tsarin su don hana lalacewa da rushewar bango ta hanyar ruwa mai allura;
• Suction - wanda aka tsara don yin aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙananan matsa lamba (a ƙasa na yanayi), an dauki matakai a cikin ƙirar su don hana matsawa ganuwar a ƙarƙashin aikin vacuum (don kula da tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin ciki);
• Matsi-tsotsi na duniya.
Dangane da aikace-aikacen, ana iya raba hoses zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa:
• Don amfani a rayuwar yau da kullun, shagunan gyaran motoci da sauran yanayi ba tare da saka bututun a cikin motoci ko wasu kayan aiki ba;
• Don tsarin mai na abin hawa;
• Don tsarin birki na motoci tare da yin amfani da ruwa mai aiki dangane da ma'adinai da mai;
• Don tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na motoci, kayan aikin mota, kayan aikin gona, masana'antu da sauran kayan aiki;
• Don kayan aikin mai (don fitar da mai da mai, samar da mai ga mabukaci, da sauransu).
A ƙarshe, an raba hoses zuwa nau'i biyu dangane da wutar lantarki a tsaye:
• hoses na al'ada;
• Tushen ƙasa don karkatar da wutar lantarki.
A cikin zane na hoses na nau'i na biyu, an ba da tsiri na jan karfe, wanda ke taka rawar ƙasa.Ana amfani da waɗannan hoses na MBS akan injin mai da kayan aiki, akan kayan aikin masana'antu, da sauransu.
Daga cikin halaye na shingen SBS, ya kamata a lura:
• Matsin aiki - don tsotsa - 0.09 MPa (0.9 yanayi), don fitarwa - daidaitaccen kewayon 0.1, 0.16, 0.25, 0.4, 0.63, 1.0, 1.6, 2.5, 4, 6.3 da 10 MPa (daga 1 zuwa 100 yanayi). ;
• Diamita na ciki - daga 3 zuwa 25 mm (PVC hoses) kuma daga 4 zuwa 100 mm (hoses na roba);
• Diamita na waje - ya dogara da kauri daga cikin ganuwar, nau'in sutura, kasancewar ƙarfafawa, da dai sauransu.
• Kewayon zafin aiki.
Na dabam, dole ne a faɗi game da siga na ƙarshe.A yau, ana samar da hoses na MBS don yankuna uku na yanayi, sun bambanta da matsakaicin yanayin zafi mara kyau:
• Don yanayin zafi - har zuwa -35 ° C;
• Don yanayin zafi mai zafi - har zuwa -20 ° C;
• Don yanayin sanyi - har zuwa -50 ° C.
Matsakaicin ingantaccen zafin jiki ga duk hoses iri ɗaya ne - har zuwa + 70 ° C don mai (man fetur, kananzir, man dizal) kuma har zuwa + 100 ° C don mai.
MBS tiyo zane
PVC hoses (tubes) an shirya mafi sauƙi.A cikin mafi sauƙi, wannan shine tiyo, a cikin ganuwar wanda akwai suturar yadi ko waya.Hakanan akwai nau'ikan bututun PVC masu yawa - suna da Layer na ciki wanda ke da matukar juriya ga mai, mai da sauran ruwa.Ana iya samun ƙarfafawa a cikin Layer na waje ko tsakanin yadudduka.
Roba hoses ta zane sun kasu kashi da dama:
• Ƙarfafawa tare da ƙarfafa zaren (GOST 10362-76);
• Ƙarfafawa tare da zaren ƙarfafawa / yadi da kuma firam ɗin yadi (GOST 18698-79);
• Ƙarfafa nau'ikan iri ɗaya (GOST 5398-76).
Abubuwan da ba a ƙarfafa su ba tare da ƙarfafa zaren an tsara su a sauƙaƙe, tsari ne mai nau'i uku:
Tsarin gyare-gyaren da aka ƙarfafa MBS
1.Layin ciki shine roba wanda ke da tsayayya ga mai, man fetur da sauran ruwa;
2.Thread / Textile ƙarfafa - braid da aka yi da roba, auduga ko zaren da aka haɗa / yadudduka, ana iya yin su a cikin 1-6 yadudduka;
3.The m Layer ne roba da cewa shi ne resistant zuwa mummunan muhalli tasirin, mai da man fetur, daban-daban sunadarai, da dai sauransu.
Hoses tare da firam ɗin yadi suna ƙunshe da ƙarin rufin waje - ƙwanƙolin yadi da aka yi da roba, auduga ko masana'anta da aka haɗa.An raunata firam ɗin akan bututu a cikin yadudduka da yawa.Sau da yawa irin wannan samfurin ana kiransa durite ko hoses tare da durite braiding.
A cikin bututun da aka ƙarfafa, ana ƙara maƙalar roba mai tsaka-tsaki, wanda aka sanya ƙarfe ko waya ta jan karfe (bisa ga ƙa'idodin gida) ko kuma ramin ƙarfe na bakin ciki.Ƙarfafawa zai iya ƙunshi nau'i ɗaya ko biyu, amma akwai hannayen riga na musamman tare da ƙarfafa ƙarfafawa mai yawa.Ana iya samun tsiri na ƙasa na jan ƙarfe a cikin wannan Layer na tiyo.
Wasu nau'ikan hoses na roba suna sanye da kayan aiki na ƙarshe a ɗaya ko bangarorin biyu.Irin waɗannan hoses, a matsayin mai mulkin, an tsara su don shigarwa a wasu sassa, majalisai da tsarin motoci da sauran kayan aiki, an yanke su zuwa girman da ake so kuma suna da halayen da suka dace.
Halayen, nomenclature da samar da robar hoses MBS ana tsara su ta abubuwan da ke sama da wasu ma'auni.Irin wannan nau'in PVC ba su da ma'auni guda ɗaya, an samar da su daidai da ƙayyadaddun bayanai daban-daban.
Batutuwa na zaɓi da aiki na bututun MBS
Daban-daban na tukwane masu jure mai
Lokacin zabar hoses masu jurewa mai, ya zama dole a la'akari da manufar su na gaba da yanayin da za a yi amfani da waɗannan samfuran.
Don masu zaman kansu amfani da manufar famfo man fetur ko mai, wani m PVC tiyo isa isa - yana da nauyi, sauki don adana da kuma sauki don amfani (m ganuwar ba ka damar sanin gaban ruwa kwarara, da dai sauransu).
Don gyaran man fetur, lubrication, birki da sauran tsarin da ake kiyaye yawan matsa lamba na matsakaicin aiki, ya kamata a yi amfani da hoses na MBS na roba.Lokacin siyan, ya zama dole don zaɓar madaidaiciyar diamita na ciki da halaye - matsa lamba na aiki da kewayon zafin jiki.A wannan yanayin, kuma yana da mahimmanci don kula da ƙuƙumman da kuma ƙare kayan aiki don hawan igiya.
Sau da yawa, don gyaran wasu tsarin, sassa da majalisai, ana sayar da hoses tare da riga an shigar da kayan aiki na ƙarshe - wannan shine mafi kyawun bayani wanda ke adana lokaci da kudi (tun da babu buƙatar yanke tiyo zuwa tsayi da shigar da kayan aiki), da kuma yana ba da mafi girman amincin tsarin.
Don masana'antu da sauran aikace-aikace na musamman, ya zama dole don zaɓar hoses na MBS tare da wasu halaye, gami da yuwuwar ƙasa, samfuran manyan diamita, hoses don wani nau'in ruwa, da dai sauransu.
Ƙarshen kayan aikin MBS
Don yin zabi na tiyo mai kyau, kana buƙatar kula da alamar sa.Dangane da ma'auni, alamar ta haɗa da alamar ciki da waje diamita, matsa lamba na aiki, gyare-gyaren yanayi da GOST, wanda ya dace da wannan samfurin.Alal misali, alamar "Hose 20x30-1 GOST 10362-76" yana nufin cewa tiyo yana da diamita na ciki na 20 mm, diamita na waje na 30 mm, matsa lamba na 1 MPa kuma an tsara shi don aiki a cikin yanayin zafi da zafi. .Kasancewar haruffa "HL" yana nuna yiwuwar amfani da bututun a cikin yanayin sanyi.Oil-da-gasoline-resistant hoses daidai da GOST 18698-79 suna alama da nau'in "Sleeve B (I) -10-50-64-T" - inda "B (I)" na nufin applicability na samfur aiki tare da man fetur da mai, lambar farko ita ce matsa lamba na aiki a cikin sararin samaniya, lambobi biyu na ƙarshe sune diamita na ciki da na waje, harafin ƙarshe shine gyare-gyaren yanayi ("T" - don yanayin yanayi na wurare masu zafi, "U" - temperate). , "HL" - sanyi).Hoses bisa ga GOST 5398-76 suna da irin wannan alama na nau'in "Hose B-2-25-10 GOST 5398-76", inda "B-2" shine aikace-aikacen samfurin don aiki tare da man fetur da mai, "25 " shine diamita na ciki (ba a nuna diamita na waje ba), kuma 10 shine matsin aiki a cikin yanayi.Har ila yau yana nuna yanayin yanayin (don yanayin yanayi - ba alama ba, don wurare masu zafi - "T", don sanyi - "HL").
Sanin wannan, zaka iya sauƙin zaɓar bututun da ake buƙata, kuma da tabbaci warware ayyukan.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-22-2023