A cikin motoci da bas na zamani, haɗaɗɗen na'urorin hasken fitillu - toshe fitilolin mota - ana amfani da su sosai.Karanta game da abin da naúrar fitilun fitilun mota, yadda ya bambanta da na al'ada na al'ada, abin da nau'in yake, yadda yake aiki, da kuma zaɓi na waɗannan na'urori - karanta a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene fitilar mota?
Naúrar fitilun fitila na'urar hasken wuta ce mai ɗauke da fitilun kai da wasu (ko duka) na fitilun siginar da za su kasance a gaban abin hawa.Naúrar fitilun fitilun ƙira ɗaya ne, yana da sauƙin shigarwa da tarwatsawa, yana adana sarari kuma yana ba da kyan gani na mota.
Ƙungiyar hasken mota na iya haɗa abubuwa daban-daban na hasken mota:
• Fitilolin mota da aka tsoma;
• Babban fitilun fitila;
• Alamun jagora;
• Fitilar filin ajiye motoci na gaba;
• Fitilar Gudun Rana (DRL).
Fitilar fitilun fitilun da aka fi sani da ƙananan katako, alamar jagora da haske na gefe, DRL ya fi dacewa don shigarwa a ƙasa da matakin fitilun fitilu, a cikin wannan yanayin sun cika cikakkun bukatun GOST.Ba a haɗa fitilun hazo a cikin naúrar fitilolin mota, tunda ba a buƙatar shigar su akan motar.
Nau'i da halaye na fitilun mota
Za a iya raba fitilun fitilun gida zuwa rukuni bisa ka'idar samar da hasken haske da ake amfani da su a cikin na'urorin gani na kai, daidaitawa da adadin na'urorin hasken wuta, nau'in tushen hasken da aka shigar (fitilu) da wasu siffofi na ƙira.
Dangane da adadin na'urorin hasken wuta, fitilun fitilun sun kasu kashi da dama:
• Daidaitacce - fitilun mota ya haɗa da na'urorin gani na kai, alamar jagora da hasken filin ajiye motoci na gaba;
• Ƙarfafa - ban da kayan aikin hasken da ke sama, DRLs suna cikin fitilun mota.
A lokaci guda, toshe fitilolin mota na iya samun tsari daban-daban na na'urorin hasken wuta:
• Na'urar gani na kai - haɗaɗɗen ƙananan haske da babban haske, raba hasken haske don ƙananan ƙananan katako, da kuma haɗuwa da haɗin kai da kuma ƙarin ƙararrakin fitila mai mahimmanci;
• Fitilar filin ajiye motoci na gaba - ana iya yin su a cikin wani yanki daban na naúrar fitilun fitilun (suna da nasu mai haskakawa da mai watsawa), ko kuma a tsaye a cikin fitilun mota, kusa da babban fitila;
• Fitilar da ke gudana a rana - ana iya yin su ta hanyar fitilun ɗaiɗaikun a cikin ɓangaren fitilun nasu, amma galibi suna ɗaukar nau'in tef a ƙasan fitilar ko zobe a kusa da fitilun.A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana amfani da DRLs na LED a cikin toshe fitilolin mota.
Dangane da ka'idar samar da haske mai haske a cikin na'urorin gani na fitilun fitilun, rukunin, kamar na al'ada, ya kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyi:
• Reflex (reflex) - mafi sauƙi na'urorin hasken wuta da aka yi amfani da su a cikin fasahar mota tsawon shekaru da yawa.Irin wannan fitilar tana sanye take da ma'auni ko maɗaukakiyar haske (mai nunawa), wanda ke tattarawa da nuna haske daga fitilar gaba, yana tabbatar da samuwar iyakar yanke da ya dace;
• Fitilar bincike (hasa, lensed) - ƙarin na'urori masu rikitarwa waɗanda suka shahara a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.Irin wannan fitilun fitilun yana da ma'anar elliptical da ruwan tabarau da aka sanya a gabansa, wannan tsarin gaba ɗaya yana tattara haske daga fitilar kuma ya samar da katako mai ƙarfi tare da iyakar yanke da ya dace.
Fitilar fitilun fitilun fitilun fitillu sun fi sauƙi kuma masu rahusa, amma fitilun bincike suna samar da hasken haske mai ƙarfi, suna da ƙananan girma.Har ila yau, karuwar shaharar fitilun fitilu shine saboda gaskiyar cewa sun fi dacewa da fitilun xenon.
Lenticular optics
Dangane da nau'in fitilun da aka yi amfani da su, toshe fitilun mota za a iya raba ba iri huɗu ba:
• Don fitulun fitilu - tsofaffin fitilun motoci na gida, wanda a yau ana amfani da su kawai don gyarawa;
• Don fitilu na halogen - fitilun fitilun fitilun yau da kullun a yau, sun haɗu da ƙarancin farashi, babban ƙarfin hasken wuta da aminci;
• Don fitilun xenon masu fitar da iskar gas - fitilolin mota masu tsada na zamani waɗanda ke ba da mafi girman haske na haske;
• Don fitilun LED - mafi ƙarancin fitilun fitilun yau da kullun, suna da tsada sosai, kodayake suna da dorewa kuma abin dogaro.
Fitilar fitilun zamani waɗanda suka dace da ma'auni na yanzu sun kasu kashi biyu bisa ga nau'in haɗaɗɗiyar alamar jagora:
• Alamar jagora tare da diffuser mai haske (farar fata) - fitila mai fitilar amber ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a cikin irin wannan fitilun;
• Alamar jagora tare da mai watsawa rawaya - irin wannan fitilun yana amfani da fitila mai haske (wanda ba a fenti).
A ƙarshe, toshe fitilolin mota a kasuwa suna da amfani, yawancin waɗannan na'urori za a iya shigar da su a kan motoci na kewayon samfuri ɗaya kawai, haka ma, ƙirar fitilun fitilun da yawa an haɓaka daban-daban don ƙirar mota ɗaya.Duk wannan ya kamata a yi la'akari da lokacin zabar da siyan naúrar hasken mota don mota.
Zane da fasali na fitilolin mota
Duk fitilu na zamani suna da tsari iri ɗaya, wanda ya bambanta kawai a cikin cikakkun bayanai.Gabaɗaya, na'urar ta ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:
1.Housing - tsarin ɗaukar nauyi wanda aka shigar da sauran abubuwan da aka haɗa;
2.Reflector ko masu haskakawa - masu nuna haske na kai da sauran kayan aiki masu haske, za a iya haɗa su cikin tsari guda ɗaya ko sanya su a cikin nau'i daban-daban, yawanci ana yin su da filastik kuma suna da farfajiyar madubi;
3.Diffuser shine gilashin gilashi ko filastik na nau'i mai mahimmanci wanda ke kare sassan ciki na fitilun fitilun (fitila da mai nunawa) daga tasirin muhalli mara kyau, kuma yana shiga cikin samar da hasken haske.Yana iya zama m ko raba kashi.Tsarin ciki yana lalata, babban ɓangaren katako na iya zama santsi;
4. Hasken haske - fitilu na nau'i ɗaya ko wani;
5.Adjustment screws - located a baya na fitilolin mota, wajibi ne don daidaita fitilolin mota.
Nau'in fitilun fitilun neman haske sun bambanta da ƙira, kuma suna da ruwan tabarau mai tattarawa da aka sanya a gaban mai haskakawa, da kuma allo mai motsi (labule, kaho) tare da injin tuƙi bisa na'urar lantarki.Allon yana canza haske mai haske daga fitilar, yana ba da sauyawa tsakanin ƙananan haske da babban katako.Yawancin lokaci, fitilun xenon suna da irin wannan zane.
Hakanan, ana iya samun ƙarin abubuwa a cikin nau'ikan fitilun mota daban-daban:
• A cikin fitilun xenon - na'urar lantarki na kunnawa da kuma kula da fitilar xenon;
• Mai gyara fitilun lantarki - motar da aka yi amfani da ita don daidaita fitilun mota kai tsaye daga motar, ana amfani da ita don cimma daidaiton jagorancin hasken wuta ba tare da la'akari da nauyin motar da yanayin tuki ba.
Ana aiwatar da shigarwa na raka'a na fitilun mota a kan mota, a matsayin mai mulkin, tare da sukurori biyu ko uku da latches ta hanyar rufe gaskets, ana iya amfani da firam ɗin don cimma wani sakamako na ado.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa samar da fitilolin mota, su sanyi, da abun da ke ciki na fitilu fitilu da halaye ne tsananin kayyade, dole ne su bi ka'idodin (GOST R 41.48-2004 da wasu), wanda aka nuna a jikinsu ko diffuser.
Zaɓi da aiki na fitilun mota
Zaɓin raka'a na fitilun mota yana iyakance, tun da yawancin waɗannan samfuran hasken wuta don nau'ikan motoci daban-daban (kuma sau da yawa don gyare-gyare daban-daban na ƙirar iri ɗaya) ba su dace da juna ba.Don haka, ya kamata ku sayi fitilolin mota na waɗannan nau'ikan da lambobin kasida waɗanda aka kera don wannan motar ta musamman.
A gefe guda kuma, akwai babban rukunin fitilun fitilun duniya waɗanda za a iya sanya su maimakon daidaitattun fitilun mota ko ma fitilun fitulu na yau da kullun akan motocin gida, manyan motoci da bas.A wannan yanayin, kana buƙatar kula da halaye na fitilun fitilun, tsarin sa da alamar sa.Bisa ga halaye, duk abin da yake mai sauƙi ne - kana buƙatar zaɓar fitilolin mota don 12 ko 24 V (dangane da ƙarfin wutar lantarki na cibiyar sadarwar motar motar).Dangane da daidaitawa, fitilar fitilar zata ƙunshi abubuwan hasken da dole ne su kasance akan abin hawa.
Dole ne a biya kulawa ta musamman ga nau'in tushen haske a cikin fitilun mota - yana iya zama fitilar halogen, xenon ko LEDs.Bisa ga ma'auni, ana iya amfani da fitilun xenon a cikin fitilun da aka tsara kawai don irin wannan nau'in hasken wuta.Wato, shigar da kai na xenon a cikin fitilolin mota na yau da kullun an haramta - wannan yana cike da hukunci mai tsanani.
Don tabbatar da cewa fitilar ta dace da wasu nau'ikan fitilu, kuna buƙatar duba alamar sa.Ana nuna yiwuwar shigar da xenon a cikin alamar tare da haruffa DC (ƙananan katako), DR (babban katako) ko DC / R (ƙananan katako mai girma).Fitillun kan fitilun halogen suna da alamar HC, HR da HC/R.Dukkan fitilun fitilun da aka bayar a cikin wannan fitilun ana yiwa alama alama.Misali, idan akwai fitilar halogen daya da fitilar xenon daya a cikin fitilun mota, to za a yi mata alama da nau'in HC/R DC/R, idan fitilar halogen daya da fitilun xenon guda biyu sune HC/R DC DR, da dai sauransu.
Tare da zaɓin da ya dace na fitilolin mota, motar za ta karɓi duk kayan aikin hasken da ake buƙata, za ta bi ka'idodin yau da kullun kuma tabbatar da aminci a kan hanyoyi a kowane lokaci na rana ko dare.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-21-2023