A tarihi, a cikin motoci a bayan hatchback da wagon tasha, ƙofar wutsiya tana buɗewa sama.Duk da haka, a wannan yanayin, akwai matsala na buɗe ƙofar.An sami nasarar magance wannan matsala ta hanyar iskar gas - karanta game da waɗannan sassa, fasalin su, kulawa da gyarawa a cikin labarin.
Makasudin na'urorin girgiza kofa na baya
Galibin motocin gida da na waje a bayan hatchback da tasha suna sanye da ƙofar wutsiya da ke buɗe sama.Wannan bayani shine mafi sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa, tun da za ku iya amfani da hinges iri ɗaya don buɗe ƙofa, kuma ƙofar kanta ta fi sauƙi don daidaitawa fiye da idan ta bude a gefe.A gefe guda, buɗe ƙofar wutsiya zuwa sama yana buƙatar matakan musamman don tabbatar da ta'aziyya da aminci.Da farko, wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye ƙofar a cikin matsayi na sama, da kuma taimakawa wajen bude kofa ga mutanen da ba su da tsayi.Duk waɗannan ayyuka an warware su tare da taimakon masu shayarwa na musamman na tailgate.
Mai ɗaukar abin girgiza wutsiya (ko tasha gas) na'urar huhu ne ko na'urar hydropneumatic wacce ke warware ɗawainiya da yawa:
- Taimakawa wajen buɗe kofa - mai ɗaukar hoto yana ɗaga ƙofar ta atomatik, yana adana kuzarin mai motar;
- Damuwar girgizawa da girgiza lokacin da aka bude kofa ta baya gaba daya da rufe - bangaren yana hana girgizar da ke faruwa lokacin da aka daga kofa da saukar da shi zuwa matsananciyar matsayi;
- Tabbatar da aminci lokacin da ƙofar ke buɗe - mai ɗaukar girgiza yana kiyaye ƙofar a matsayi na sama ba tare da amfani da ƙarin tasha ba, yana hana shi rufewa a ƙarƙashin nauyinsa ko raunin iska;
- Kariyar ƙofar baya, abubuwan rufewa da tsarin jikin motar daga lalacewa da lalacewa lokacin da ƙofar ke rufe.
Amma mafi mahimmanci, tailgate shock absorber yana ƙara jin daɗin motar, saboda yana ba ku damar buɗewa da rufe akwati cikin sauƙi ko da tare da cika hannunku, a cikin yanayin sanyi, lokacin da motar ta datti, da sauransu. wani muhimmin sashi ne na motar, wanda ya sa ya fi dacewa, dadi da aminci.
Nau'o'i, na'ura da aiki na masu ɗaukar girgiza (tsayawa) na ƙofar baya
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da nau'i biyu na tailgate shock absorbers:
- huhu (ko gas);
- Hydropneumatic (ko gas-man).
Waɗannan masu ɗaukar girgiza sun bambanta a cikin wasu bayanan ƙira da fasalulluka na aikin:
- Ana aiwatar da damping mai ƙarfi a cikin masu shayar da iska (gas);
- A cikin hydropneumatic (gas-man) masu ɗaukar girgiza, ana aiwatar da damping na hydraulic.
Yana da sauƙin fahimtar bambanci tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan na'urori, ya isa ya rarraba tsarin su da ka'idar aiki.
Duk nau'ikan masu ɗaukar girgiza suna da ainihin ƙira iri ɗaya.Suna dogara ne akan silinda da aka cika da nitrogen a ƙarƙashin isassun matsi mai ƙarfi.A cikin silinda akwai fistan da aka haɗa da ƙarfi da sandar.Sanda kanta ana fitar da ita ta hanyar taron gland - yana yin duka ayyuka na lubricating sanda da rufe silinda.A tsakiyar ɓangaren silinda, a cikin ganuwarsa, akwai tashoshi na iskar gas na ƙananan ɓangaren giciye, ta hanyar da iskar gas daga sararin samaniya-piston zai iya shiga cikin sararin piston kuma a cikin kishiyar.
Babu wani abu a cikin iskar gas, kuma a cikin abin da ake kira hydropneumatic shock absorber, a gefen sanda, akwai wanka mai mai.Har ila yau, piston yana da wasu bambance-bambance - yana da bawuloli.Kasancewar man fetur ne ke samar da shi tare da damping na hydraulic, wanda za'a tattauna a kasa.
Mai ɗaukar abin girgiza pneumatic na tailgate yana da ƙa'idar aiki mai sauƙi.Lokacin da aka rufe kofa, ana matsawa mai ɗaukar girgiza, kuma a cikin ɗakin da ke sama da piston akwai babban ƙarar gas a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.Lokacin da ka bude kofa na baya, matsa lamba gas ba a daidaita shi ta hanyar kulle, ya wuce nauyin ƙofar - sakamakon haka, piston yana tura waje, kuma ƙofar ta tashi a hankali.Lokacin da fistan ya isa tsakiyar ɓangaren Silinda, tashoshi yana buɗewa ta inda iskar gas ke gudana zuwa wani bangare na kishiyar (piston).Matsin lamba a cikin wannan ɗakin yana ƙaruwa, don haka piston a hankali yana raguwa kuma saurin buɗe ƙofar yana raguwa.Lokacin da aka kai saman wuri, ƙofar ta tsaya gaba ɗaya, kuma tasirin yana damp da "kushin" gas wanda ke tasowa a ƙarƙashin fistan.
Don rufe ƙofar, dole ne a cire shi da hannu - a cikin wannan yanayin, piston zai sake buɗe tashoshin gas a lokacin motsi, wani ɓangare na gas zai gudana zuwa sararin samaniya-piston, kuma lokacin da aka rufe ƙofar, shi zai ragu kuma ya tara makamashin da ake buƙata don buɗe kofa na gaba.
Mai ɗaukar girgiza mai yana aiki iri ɗaya, amma lokacin da aka kai saman saman, piston yana nutsar da mai a cikin mai, ta haka yana rage tasirin.Haka nan kuma a cikin wannan na'urar daukar hoto, iskar gas tana gudana tsakanin dakunan ta wata hanya ta daban, amma babu wani bambance-bambancen zuciya daga na'urar bugun numfashi a cikinsa.
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, ana aiwatar da abin da ake kira damping mai ƙarfi a cikin tasha gas mai huhu.Ana bayyana shi ta hanyar cewa saurin buɗe ƙofar yana raguwa a hankali daga farkon motsin piston zuwa sama, kuma ƙofar ta zo saman matsayi a cikin ƙananan gudu.Wato, bugun da aka kashe ba a matakin ƙarshe na buɗe ƙofofin wutsiya ba, amma kamar an kashe shi a duk sassan zirga-zirga.
Damping na hydraulic yana da maɓalli mai mahimmanci: tasirin yana damped kawai a sashin ƙarshe na buɗe kofa ta hanyar nutsar da piston a cikin mai.A wannan yanayin, ƙofar da ke kan gaba ɗaya ɓangaren hanyar yana buɗewa da tsayi kuma kusan irin wannan gudu, kuma ana birki kawai kafin a kai ga matsayi na sama.
Zane da fasali na shigar da iskar gas ga ƙofar baya
Duk nau'ikan masu ɗaukar girgiza suna da ƙira iri ɗaya da shimfidar wuri.Su silinda ne (yawanci fentin baki don dacewa da sauƙin ganewa) daga abin da tushe mai gogewar madubi ya fito.A kan rufaffiyar ƙarshen silinda da kuma a kan sanda, ana yin ɗamara don hawa zuwa ƙofar da jiki.An ɗora masu ɗaukar girgizar girgiza, tare da taimakon fitilun ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa, dannawa ko aka gyara su a cikin madaidaitan tallafin da suka dace a ƙarshen abin girgiza.Shigar da fitilun ƙwallon ƙafa a jiki da kofa - ta hanyar ramuka ko maɓalli na musamman tare da kwayoyi (an ba da zaren akan yatsunsu don wannan).
Shock absorbers, dangane da nau'in, suna da fasalin shigarwa.Za a iya shigar da masu shayarwa na nau'in pneumatic (gas) a kowane matsayi, tun da daidaitawa a sararin samaniya ba ya shafar aikin su.Ana iya shigar da masu ɗaukar girgizar hydropneumatic tare da tushe ƙasa, tunda mai dole ne koyaushe ya kasance sama da piston, wanda ke tabbatar da mafi kyawun halayen damping.
Kulawa da gyare-gyare na ƙwanƙwasa girgiza wutsiya
Masu ɗaukar kofa na baya baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman yayin rayuwar sabis gabaɗayan.Wajibi ne kawai don bincika waɗannan sassan lokaci-lokaci don amincin su da kuma lura da bayyanar smudges na mai (idan yana da tasirin girgiza hydropneumatic).Idan an gano rashin aiki kuma akwai lalacewa a cikin aikin mai ɗaukar hoto (ba ya ɗaga kofa da kyau, ba ya dame damuwa, da dai sauransu), to ya kamata a maye gurbin shi a cikin taron.
Maye gurbin abin girgiza yakan sauko zuwa mai zuwa:
1.Taga ƙofar wutsiya, tabbatar da riƙewa tare da ƙarin tasha;
2.Unscrew da biyu kwayoyi rike da ball fil na shock absorber, cire shock absorber;
3.Install wani sabon abin sha, tabbatar da daidaitattun daidaito (tushe sama ko sanda ƙasa, dangane da nau'in);
4.Tighten kwayoyi tare da shawarar da aka ba da shawarar.
Don tsawaita rayuwar masu ɗaukar girgiza da haɓaka rayuwarsu, dole ne ku bi wasu shawarwarin aiki masu sauƙi.Musamman ma, kada ku "taimaka" su don tayar da kofa, kada ku ɗaga ƙofar tare da turawa mai karfi, saboda wannan zai iya haifar da karyewa.A cikin lokacin sanyi, kuna buƙatar buɗe ƙofofin wutsiya a hankali, mafi kyau duka bayan dumama gidan, tunda masu ɗaukar girgiza sun daskare kuma suna aiki da ɗan muni.Kuma, ba shakka, ba a yarda a wargaza waɗannan sassa, jefa su cikin wuta, a yi musu bulala mai ƙarfi, da sauransu.
Tare da aiki mai hankali, mai ɗaukar girgiza wutsiya zai yi aiki na dogon lokaci kuma amintacce, yana sa motar ta fi dacewa da dacewa a cikin yanayi daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-27-2023