A cikin motoci na zamani, tarakta da sauran kayan aiki, ana amfani da na'urori daban-daban na ruwa.Muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin waɗannan tsarin ana kunna ta na'urori masu auna firikwensin - ƙararrawa na hydraulic - karanta duk waɗannan na'urori, nau'ikan da suke da su, ƙira da aiki, da zaɓi da maye gurbin na'urori masu auna firikwensin, a cikin labarin.
Menene firikwensin ƙararrawa na hydraulic?
Sensor-hydrosignaling na'urar (sensor-relay, firikwensin-mai nuna matakin ruwa) - wani nau'i na sarrafa lantarki, kulawa da tsarin nuni na tsarin hydraulic na motocin;Firikwensin bakin kofa wanda ke aika sigina zuwa mai nuni ko mai kunnawa lokacin da ruwa ya kai matakin da aka kayyade.
A cikin kowace mota akwai tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa da yawa: tsarin wutar lantarki (a cikin manyan motoci, tarakta da kayan aiki daban-daban), tsarin lubrication da sanyaya naúrar wutar lantarki, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki, injin windows, tuƙin wutar lantarki da sauransu.A wasu tsarin, dole ne a kula da matakin ruwa akai-akai (kamar yadda yake a cikin tankin mai), yayin da a wasu kuma ya zama dole kawai don samun bayanai game da kasancewar ko rashin ruwa, ko game da ruwa ya shawo kan wani matakin (wuta ko fadowa). .Ana warware aikin farko ta hanyar na'urori masu auna matakin ci gaba, kuma na biyu, ana amfani da firikwensin ƙararrawa na hydraulic (DGS) ko na'urori masu auna matakin ruwa.
Ana shigar da DGS a cikin tankuna masu faɗaɗawa, injin crankcase da sauran abubuwa na tsarin hydraulic.Lokacin da ruwa ya kai wani matakin, na'urar firikwensin ya kunna, yana rufewa ko buɗe kewayawa, yana ba da alamar kunnawa / kashewa akan dashboard (misali, mai nuna alamar mai), ko kunna / kashe masu kunnawa - famfo, tuki da wasu waɗanda ke ba da canji a matakin ruwa ko canji a cikin yanayin aiki na dukkan tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa.Shi ya sa ake kiran DGS sau da yawa na'urori masu siginar sigina da na'urori masu auna firikwensin.
A kan kayan aikin mota na zamani, ana amfani da nau'ikan na'urori masu auna firikwensin - ƙararrawa na hydraulic - ya kamata a bayyana su dalla-dalla.
Nau'i da halaye na na'urorin ƙararrawa na hydraulic
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin yau sun kasu kashi da dama bisa ga ka'idar aiki ta jiki, yanayin aiki (nau'in ruwa) da halayensa, matsayi na al'ada na lambobin sadarwa, hanyar haɗi da halayen lantarki.
Dangane da ka'idar aiki ta jiki, DGS motoci sun kasu kashi biyu:
● conductometric;
● Yin iyo.
An ƙera na'urori masu auna sigina don yin aiki tare da ruwa masu sarrafa wutar lantarki (mafi yawa ruwa da masu sanyaya).Waɗannan DGS suna auna juriyar wutar lantarki tsakanin siginar da na'urorin lantarki na gama-gari (ƙasa), kuma idan juriya ta faɗi da ƙarfi, tana aika sigina zuwa mai nuna alama ko mai kunnawa.Na'urar firikwensin ɗabi'a ya ƙunshi binciken ƙarfe (yawanci ana yin shi da bakin karfe) da na'urar lantarki (ya haɗa da janareta bugun bugun jini da ƙarar sigina).Binciken yana aiwatar da ayyukan na'urar lantarki ta farko, ana sanya ayyukan na'urar lantarki ta biyu zuwa kwantena da kanta tare da ruwa (idan ƙarfe ne) ko wani tsiri na ƙarfe da aka shimfiɗa a ƙasa ko bangon akwati.Na'urar firikwensin conductometric yana aiki kawai: lokacin da matakin ruwa ya kasance a ƙasa da bincike, juriya na lantarki yana kula da rashin iyaka - babu sigina a fitowar firikwensin, ko kuma akwai sigina game da ƙaramin matakin ruwa;Lokacin da ruwa ya kai ga binciken firikwensin, juriya ya ragu sosai (ruwan yana gudanar da halin yanzu) - a fitowar firikwensin, siginar yana canzawa zuwa akasin haka.
Na'urorin firikwensin ruwa na iya aiki tare da kowane nau'in ruwa, duka masu gudanarwa da mara amfani.Tushen irin wannan firikwensin shine yawo na wani ƙira mai alaƙa da ƙungiyar lamba.Na'urar firikwensin yana a matakin iyakar da ruwa zai iya kaiwa yayin aiki na yau da kullun, kuma idan ruwan ya kai wannan matakin, yana aika sigina zuwa mai nuna alama ko mai kunnawa.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan firikwensin ruwa guda biyu:
● Tare da igiyar ruwa da aka haɗa zuwa lambar sadarwa mai motsi;
● Tare da maganadisu mai iyo da kuma maɓalli.
DGS na nau'in farko sune mafi sauƙi a cikin ƙira: sun dogara ne akan wani taso kan ruwa a cikin nau'i na bincike na filastik ko silinda maras kyau na tagulla da aka haɗa zuwa lambar sadarwa mai motsi.Lokacin da matakin ruwa ya tashi, tasowar ruwa ta tashi kuma a wani wuri akwai ɗan gajeren kewayawa ko, akasin haka, buɗe lambobin sadarwa.
Na'urar firikwensin nau'in nau'in na biyu suna da ɗan ƙaramin ƙira mai rikitarwa: sun dogara ne akan sanda mara ƙarfi tare da maɓalli na reed (maɓallin maganadisu) wanda yake a ciki, tare da axis ɗin wanda mai yawo mai ruwa tare da maganadisu na dindindin zai iya motsawa.Canji a matakin ruwa yana haifar da iyo ya motsa tare da axis, kuma lokacin da maganadisu ya wuce ta wurin maɓalli na reed, lambobinsa suna rufe ko buɗewa.
Dangane da nau'in yanayin aiki, na'urori masu auna firikwensin mota - ƙararrawa na hydraulic sun kasu kashi huɗu manyan nau'ikan:
● Don aiki a cikin ruwa;
● Don aiki a cikin maganin daskarewa;
● Don aiki a cikin man fetur;
● Don aiki a cikin man fetur (man fetur ko dizal).
Sensor-hydraulic detector tare da binciken karfe
Zane na firikwensin iyo tare da lamba mai motsi
Zane na firikwensin reed tare da yawo mai maganadisu
DGS na kafofin watsa labaru daban-daban sun bambanta da kayan da ake amfani da su, kuma na'urori masu auna ruwa suma sun bambanta da girman masu iyo don samar da isasshiyar ɗagawa a cikin mahalli daban-daban.
Dangane da matsayin al'ada na lambobin sadarwa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun kasu kashi biyu:
● Tare da buɗe lambobin sadarwa;
● Tare da rufaffiyar lambobi.
Na'urori masu auna firikwensin na iya samun hanyoyi daban-daban na haɗawa da tsarin lantarki: masu haɗin nesa tare da lambobin wuka, haɗaɗɗen haɗe tare da lambobin wuka da haɗaɗɗen nau'in bayoneti.Yawanci, DGS na motoci suna da fil huɗu: biyu don samar da wutar lantarki ("plus" da "raguwa"), sigina ɗaya da daidaitawa ɗaya.
Daga cikin manyan halaye na na'urori masu auna firikwensin, wajibi ne don haskaka ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki (12 ko 24 V), lokacin jinkirin amsawa (daga aiki nan take zuwa jinkiri na 'yan seconds), kewayon zafin aiki, yawan amfani, zaren hawa da girman hexagon maɓalli.
Zane da fasali na na'urori masu auna firikwensin mota-na'urorin siginar ruwa
Duk DGS motoci na zamani suna da ainihin ƙira iri ɗaya.Suna dogara ne akan harka ta tagulla, a waje wanda akwai zare da maɓalli hexagon.A cikin akwati akwai nau'in ganewa (bincike na ruwa ko binciken karfe), ƙungiyar tuntuɓar da allo tare da da'irar amplifier / janareta.A saman firikwensin akwai mai haɗa wutar lantarki ko kayan aikin wayoyi tare da mai haɗawa a ƙarshen.
Ana ɗora firikwensin a cikin tanki ko wani abu na tsarin ruwa ta amfani da zare ta hanyar O-ring (gasket).Tare da taimakon mai haɗawa, ana haɗa firikwensin zuwa tsarin lantarki na abin hawa.
Abin hawa na iya samun na'urori masu auna firikwensin har biyar ko fiye - ƙararrawa na ruwa wanda ke yin ayyukan sa ido kan matakin man fetur, mai sanyaya, mai a cikin injin, ruwa a cikin tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, ruwa a cikin tuƙi, da sauransu.
Yadda za a zaɓa da maye gurbin ƙararrawar firikwensin-hydraulic
Na'urori masu auna matakin ruwasuna da mahimmanci don aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin mutum da abin hawa gaba ɗaya.Alamomi daban-daban suna nuna rushewar DGS - ƙararrawar ƙarya na alamomi ko masu kunnawa (kunnawa ko kashe famfo, da sauransu), ko, akasin haka, rashin sigina akan mai nuna alama ko masu kunnawa.Don guje wa rashin aiki mai tsanani, ya kamata a maye gurbin firikwensin da wuri-wuri.
Don maye gurbin, ya zama dole a ɗauki na'urori masu auna firikwensin kawai na waɗannan nau'ikan da ƙirar waɗanda na'urar ke ba da shawarar.Dole ne DGS ta sami wasu ƙima da halayen lantarki, lokacin shigar da firikwensin wani nau'in, tsarin na iya lalacewa.Ana maye gurbin firikwensin bisa ga umarnin gyaran abin hawa.Yawancin lokaci, wannan aikin yana saukowa don kashe firikwensin, juya shi tare da maɓalli, da shigar da sabon firikwensin.Tabbatar tsaftace wurin shigarwa na firikwensin daga datti, kuma amfani da zoben O-ring (yawanci haɗawa) yayin shigarwa.A wasu lokuta, yana iya zama dole a zubar da ruwa daga na'urar.
Sensors - ƙararrawa na ruwa
Bayan shigarwa, wasu na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna buƙatar daidaitawa, tsarin da aka bayyana a cikin umarnin da suka dace.
Tare da madaidaicin zaɓi da maye gurbin ƙararrawar firikwensin-hydraulic, kowane tsarin da ke da alaƙa da shi zai yi aiki akai-akai, yana tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki da aminci na abin hawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-12-2023