A cikin masu rarraba wuta (masu rarrabawa) na nau'o'i da yawa, ana amfani da rotors (sliders) sanye da masu tsangwama masu tsangwama.Karanta game da abin da slider tare da resistor yake, abin da ayyuka yake yi a cikin kunnawa, yadda yake aiki da aiki, da kuma daidaitaccen zaɓi da maye gurbin wannan sashi a cikin labarin.
Mene ne mai gudu resistor kuma wace rawa yake takawa a cikin mai rarraba wuta
Slider tare da resistor shine rotor na mai rarraba wuta na lamba da tsarin kunna wuta mara lamba, sanye take da resistor mai hana tsangwama.
Duk wani tsarin kunna wuta shine tushen tsangwama mai ƙarfi na rediyo wanda ke kawo cikas ga liyafar shirye-shiryen rediyo a duk makada, duka a cikin motar kanta da kuma cikin motar da ke wucewa kusa.Ana jin waɗannan tsangwama azaman dannawa da fashe, adadin maimaitawa wanda ke ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka saurin injin.Ana haifar da tsangwama ta hanyar tartsatsin da ke faruwa a sassa daban-daban na tsarin wutar lantarki mai girma na tsarin kunnawa: a cikin ɓangarorin tartsatsi na tartsatsin tartsatsi da kuma tsakanin lambobin sadarwa a cikin murfin da madaidaicin mai rarrabawa.Lokacin da tartsatsin tartsatsin wuta ya zame, nau'in radiation na lantarki yana faruwa - wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake jin tsangwama a kusan dukkanin makada na rediyo.Duk da haka, walƙiya da kanta yana ba da radiation na ƙananan ƙarfi, babban ƙarfin yana fitowa ta hanyar abubuwan da ke hade da tartsatsin tartsatsi - manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin eriya.
Don magance abin da aka kwatanta, an gabatar da ƙarin abubuwa a cikin babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin kunnawa - tsayayyar rarraba ko maida hankali.High-voltage wayoyi tare da wadanda ba karfe tsakiya conductors aiki a matsayin rarraba juriya.Resistors a cikin tartsatsin walƙiya da kuma a cikin faifan mai rarrabawa suna aiki azaman juriya mai ƙarfi - wannan dalla-dalla za a tattauna gaba.
Me yasa shigar da resistor a cikin da'irar wutar lantarki mai girma ya haifar da raguwa a matakin tsangwama?Dalilin yana da sauki.Lokacin da aka samu raguwar tartsatsin tartsatsin wuta, manyan igiyoyin ruwa suna bi ta cikin madubin da ke da alaƙa da shi, wanda ke haifar da fitar da igiyoyin rediyo daga wannan madugu.Matsayin tsakanin tartsatsin tartsatsi da mai sarrafa resistor tare da juriya na ohms dubu da yawa yana canza hoton: tare da capacitances da inductances waɗanda masu gudanarwa koyaushe suke da shi, an kafa matattara mai sauƙi wanda ke yanke babban ɓangaren tsangwama. .A aikace, cikakken yanke ba ya faruwa, duk da haka, girman girman igiyoyin igiyoyi masu girma a cikin waya yana raguwa sosai, wanda ke haifar da raguwa da yawa a cikin matakin kutsawar rediyo a cikin babban tsarin wutar lantarki na tsarin kunnawa.
Idan muka dangana duk abubuwan da ke sama zuwa ga mai rarrabawa, to, tazarar tartsatsi a nan ita ce lambobin sadarwar murfin da madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin, da manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke gudana daga nada zuwa majigi kuma daga lambobin sadarwa zuwa kyandir suna aiki azaman eriya.Don haka, a nan resistor yana tsakanin conductors guda biyu, amma mafi girman danne tsoma baki yana faruwa akan waya daga coil, kuma danne tsoma baki akan wayoyi na kyandir yana faruwa ne saboda juriyar wayoyi da kansu da kuma resistors da aka gina a cikin kyandir ɗin.
Mai rarraba wutan wuta da wurin faifai a cikinsa
Shi ya sa ake kiran wannan resistor anti-tsangwama (ko kuma kawai suppressive).Duk da haka, ban da yaƙar kutsen rediyo, resistor yana yin wasu ayyuka da yawa:
● Hana (ko rage ƙarfi) na ƙona lambobin lambobin murfin mai rarrabawa da maɗaukakan kanta;
● Rage yuwuwar rushewar wutar lantarki daga wasu hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki;
● Ƙara rayuwar sabis na kyandir da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa;
● Ƙara tsawon lokacin fitar da walƙiya, wanda a wasu lokuta yana ƙara kwanciyar hankali na injin.
Me yasa duk wannan ke faruwa?Dalilin shi ne juriya ga wutar lantarki, wanda ke haifar da resistor.Saboda juriya a cikin babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki, lokacin da fitarwa ya gudana, ƙarfin halin yanzu yana raguwa - ya isa ga walƙiya tsakanin na'urorin lantarki na kyandir don kunna cakuda mai ƙonewa, amma bai isa ba don narkewa na gida na karfe na karfe. electrodes da lambobin sadarwa a cikin masu rarrabawa.A lokaci guda, ikon da aka adana a cikin nada ya kasance iri ɗaya, duk da haka, saboda karuwar juriya na kewaye, ba a ba da kyandir a nan take ba, amma na wani lokaci - wannan yana haifar da karuwa a cikin lokacin fitarwa, wanda ke tabbatar da ƙarin abin dogaro da ƙonewar cakuda a cikin silinda.
Don haka, resistor guda ɗaya kawai a cikin silidar na'urar rarraba wutar lantarki yana yin ayyuka da yawa waɗanda ke haɓaka ingancin injin da kwanciyar hankali na abin hawa.
Zane da halaye na darjewa tare da resistor
Slider (rotor) tare da resistor ya ƙunshi sassa da yawa: simintin simintin gyare-gyare, ƙayyadaddun lambobi guda biyu masu tsauri (tsakiyar, hutawa a kan ember a cikin murfin mai rarrabawa, da gefe ɗaya) da resistor cylindrical dake cikin wurin hutu na musamman.Jikin an yi shi da kayan kariya na lantarki, yawanci ana daidaita lambobin sadarwa akan shi tare da rivets.Ana yin faranti na bazara a kan lambobin sadarwa, tsakanin abin da aka manne resistor.A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren jikin mai sikelin, an yi tashar da aka kwatanta don gyara mai rarraba wuta a kan shaft.
Dangane da hanyar shigar da resistor, akwai nau'ikan sliders iri biyu:
● Tare da resistor mai sauyawa;
● Tare da juzu'in da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba - an cika ɓangaren a cikin hutu tare da wani abu mai mahimmanci na musamman dangane da resin epoxy ko kayan vitreous.
Slider tare da resistor
Masu gudu suna amfani da resistors masu ƙarfi na ƙira ta musamman tare da tashoshi na ƙarshe, waɗanda aka ƙera don sanyawa tsakanin lambobin bazara.A cikin motoci na gida, ana amfani da masu tsayayya da juriya na 5.6 kOhm mafi yawan lokuta, duk da haka, ana iya samun masu tsayayya da juriya na 5 zuwa 12 kOhm a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban.
Dangane da nau'in mai rarrabawa, za a iya ɗora madaidaicin a kan raƙuman mai rarraba (yawanci irin waɗannan sassa sune T-dimbin yawa), ko kuma a sanya su tare da sukurori biyu akan mai sarrafa lokacin kunna wuta (irin waɗannan sassa ana yin su ta hanyar silinda mai lebur) .A cikin duka biyun, ana ɗora resistor a waje na faifan, wanda ke buɗe damar yin bincikensa kuma, idan ya yiwu, maye gurbin.
Tambayoyi na zaɓi da maye gurbin sildi tare da resistor
Mai tsayayyar da aka sanya a cikin faifan yana fuskantar manyan kayan lantarki da na inji, don haka a kan lokaci zai iya kasawa - ƙonewa ko rushewa (fashe).A matsayinka na mai mulki, rushewar resistor ba ya kashe injin, amma da gaske ya rushe aikinsa - injin ba ya samun cikakken iko, yana amsawa mara kyau ga feda gas, "troit", detonates, da dai sauransu. zamewa ta hanyar resistor kone-kone ko tsaga, don haka tsarin kunna wuta ya ci gaba da aiki, amma tare da cin zarafi da ƙarancin inganci.Lokacin da irin waɗannan alamun suka bayyana, ya kamata ka fara cire murfin mai rarrabawa (wannan yakamata a yi kawai lokacin da injin ya tsaya kuma tare da cire tasha daga baturi), rushewa da duba madaidaicin.Idan darjewa na yau da kullun ne, to ana iya cire shi ba tare da kayan aiki ba, kuma idan an haɗa ɓangaren zuwa mai sarrafa lokacin kunna wuta, to yakamata a cire sukurori biyu tare da sukurori.
Idan, lokacin duba resistor, babu alamun rashin aiki na waje (ba a kone ko karye ba), ko kuma resistor ya cika da fili, to sai a duba juriyarsa tare da na'urar gwaji - ya kamata ya kwanta a cikin kewayon 5-6 kOhm (ga wasu motoci - har zuwa 12 kOhm, amma ba ƙasa da 5 kOhm ba).Idan juriya yana da iyakacin iyaka, to resistor yayi kuskure kuma yakamata a canza shi.Ya kamata a ɗauki wani ɓangare na nau'in nau'i da juriya don maye gurbin - wannan ita ce kawai hanyar da za a tabbatar da cewa resistor zai fada cikin wuri kuma dukan tsarin zai yi aiki akai-akai.Maye gurbin resistor yana saukowa don cire tsohon sashi kawai (ya dace a kashe shi tare da screwdriver) da shigar da sabo.Idan resistor ya cika da fili, to, dole ne ku canza dukkan darjewa - don motoci na gida, irin wannan maye zai kashe dubunnan rubles.
Slider tare da fili-cike
Mai adawaResistor mai maye gurbin don darjewa
Sau da yawa, masu motoci suna shigar da masu tsallen waya a maimakon resistors - an haramta shi sosai.Rashin resistor yana ƙara matakin tsangwama na rediyo kuma yana iya rushe aikin tsarin kunnawa (ciki har da haifar da lalacewa mai tsanani na lambobi na ma'auni da murfin mai rarrabawa, da na'urorin lantarki na tartsatsin tartsatsi).Har ila yau, ba a ba da shawarar canza mai siliki tare da resistor zuwa mai sauƙi mai sauƙi a cikin tsarin kunnawa tare da manyan wayoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki na juriya na sifili.Ire-iren waɗancan nau'ikan silidu da ƙira waɗanda masana'antun masu rarraba wuta suka ba da shawarar ya kamata a yi amfani da su don maye gurbinsu.
Tare da zabin da ya dace da maye gurbin mai sigina tare da resistor (ko kawai resistor), tsarin kunnawa zai yi aiki da dogaro kuma tare da ƙaramin "ƙazanta" na iskan rediyo.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-12-2023