Motoci na zamani suna sanye da na'urorin siginar haske da aka sanya a gaba da baya.Samuwar hasken haske da canza launinsa a cikin fitilun ana samar da su ta hanyar diffusers - karanta duk game da waɗannan sassa, nau'in su, zane, zaɓi da kuma maye gurbin daidai a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene mai watsa hasken wutsiya
Len fitilar baya wani nau'in gani ne na na'urorin hasken baya na abubuwan hawa, sake rarrabawa (watsawa) da/ko canza launin hasken fitilar, da kuma tabbatar da cewa halayen fitilun na baya sun dace da buƙatun ma'auni.
Kowace abin hawa, daidai da ƙa'idodin da ke aiki, dole ne a sanye da na'urori masu haske na waje don dalilai daban-daban, waɗanda ke gaba da baya.A bayan motoci, bas, tarakta, tireloli da sauran kayan aiki akwai na'urori masu haske waɗanda ke tabbatar da aminci: alamomin jagora, fitilun birki, fitilun ajiye motoci, fitilun ajiye motoci da siginar juyawa.Ana yin waɗannan na'urori a cikin nau'i na fitilu daban-daban ko ƙungiyoyi, halayen da suka dace waɗanda aka samar da su ta hanyar m sassa - diffusers.
Mai watsa hasken baya yana yin ayyuka da yawa:
● Sake rarraba haske mai haske daga fitilar - hasken daga tushen ma'ana (fitila) ya zama daidai da warwatse a kan wani yanki, wanda ke ba da mafi kyawun gani na wuta daga kusurwoyi daban-daban;
● Zane haske mai haske a cikin launi da aka tsara don kowane haske;
● Kariya na fitilu da sauran sassan ciki na fitilu daga mummunan yanayin muhalli da tasirin injiniya.
Idan mai watsawa ya lalace, abun ciki na bayanai da ayyukan fitilolin na iya lalacewa, don haka dole ne a maye gurbin wannan ɓangaren cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Kuma don yin zaɓin da ya dace, ya zama dole a fahimci nau'ikan da ke akwai, ƙira da fasali na diffusers.
Zane da nau'ikan ruwan tabarau na haske na baya
A tsari, duk wani diffuser na raya fitilun rufi ne da aka yi da m da kuma taro fentin roba, wanda aka saka a kan fitilun tare da sukurori kuma ta hanyar sealing gasket, rufe fitilu da sauran sassa.Ana yin diffusers na yau da kullun ko fiberglass-ƙarfafa polycarbonate, m da launin taro.
A kan saman ciki na ruwan tabarau, ana amfani da corrugation don tabbatar da rarraba hasken wutar lantarki daidai da ka'idodin da aka kafa (± 15 digiri a cikin jirgin sama na tsaye don duk fitilu, kuma a cikin jirgin sama ± 45 digiri don fitilun birki, + 80) / -45 digiri don filin ajiye motoci, da dai sauransu).Corrugation na iya zama nau'i biyu:
● Abubuwan gano ruwan tabarau;
● Abubuwan abubuwan ganowa na asali.
Ana yin abubuwan gano ruwan tabarau a cikin nau'i na zobba na bakin ciki na hankali tare da sashin giciye na prismatic (triangular).Irin waɗannan zoben suna samar da lebur ruwan tabarau na Fresnel, wanda, tare da ƙaramin kauri, yana ba da tarwatsa hasken da ya dace.Abubuwan alama na prismatic prisms ne na ɗaiɗaikun ƙananan girman, ana rarraba su daidai da mai watsawa.
Masu watsa hasken baya sun kasu zuwa nau'ukan daban-daban bisa ga tsarin su:
● Rarrabe - masu watsawa guda ɗaya don kowane fitila;
● Rukuni - ruwan tabarau na kowa don fitilar, wanda aka haɗa dukkan na'urori masu alamar haske na baya na abin hawa;
● Haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe don hasken gefe da fitilar ɗakin ɗakin;
● Haɗe-haɗe-haɗe-haɗe don fitilun da fitulu ɗaya ke yin ayyuka biyu lokaci ɗaya, galibi hasken gefe da hasken birki, haɗe da alamar jagora.
A halin yanzu, ana amfani da fitilu daban-daban da masu watsawa daban-daban don su da wuya, kuma ko da a farkon samfuran kayan aikin mota, ana iya samun irin wannan mafita kawai don fitilun kiliya.Banda shi ne fitulun juyar da aka sanya akan motocin gida da yawa, gami da manyan motoci, da tireloli.
A kan motocin fasinja, mafi yaɗuwar fitilun da aka haɗa tare da diffusers, an raba su zuwa wasu sassan siginar haske na siffofi da launuka daban-daban.Irin waɗannan diffusers na iya samun har zuwa yankuna bakwai:
● Matsakaicin a waje na mota shine alamar jagora;
● Mafi kusa da alamar jagora shine hasken gefe;
● A kowane wuri mai dacewa - hasken birki;
● A kowane wuri mai dacewa (amma mafi sau da yawa a kasa) - haske mai juyawa;
● Matsananciyar a gefen madaidaicin axis na motar shine hasken hazo;
● A kowane wuri mai dacewa - mai nunawa (mai nunawa);
● A gefen faranti akwai fitilar farantin.
Juyawa
fitila diffuser Rear matsayi fitila diffuser
Taraktoci masu rarraba wutan wutsiya
hadaddiyar fitilar baya
Diffuser
Sau da yawa, a irin waɗannan fitilun da aka haɗa, fitilun gefe da fitilun birki za a iya haɗa su a kan fitila mai karkace biyu (ko a kan LED masu haske daban-daban), waɗanda ke ba da haske daban-daban na fitilu lokacin da motar ke motsawa da birki.Hakanan, a cikin motocin fasinja na zamani, kusan babu haɗakar na'urori masu alamar haske tare da haɗaɗɗen fitilun faranti.
Haɗe-haɗe fitilu tare da dacewa diffusers yawanci amfani a kan manyan motoci, tirela, tarakta da kuma daban-daban kayan aiki, kazalika a kan UAZ har zuwa Hunter model.Irin waɗannan hasken wuta na manyan nau'ikan guda uku tare da division daban-daban:
● Sashe biyu tare da alamar jagora da haske na gefe;
● Sashe na biyu tare da alamar jagora da haɗin haske na gefe da hasken birki;
● Sashe na uku tare da alamar jagora daban, hasken gefe da hasken birki.
Fitilar guda biyu sau da yawa suna da nau'ikan diffusers waɗanda aka yi da rabi biyu na launuka daban-daban, waɗanda ke ba ku damar maye gurbin rabin ɗaya kawai idan ya cancanta.A cikin masu rarraba kashi biyu da uku, ana iya shigar da retroreflector.
An zana wurare daban-daban na masu watsawa a cikin wasu launuka waɗanda aka saita ta ma'auni:
● Fitilar ajiye motoci - ja;
● Ma'anar jagora - fari ko rawaya mai zaɓe (amber, orange);
● Fitilar birki ja;
● Fitilolin hazo - ja;
● Fitilolin da suke juyawa farare ne.
Har ila yau, ana amfani da masu nuna jajayen a cikin masu watsawa.
Rukuni, haɗe da haɗaka masu yawo suna daidaitawa (na duniya) da asymmetrical.Za'a iya shigar da na farko a dama da fitilar hagu, kuma masu watsa shirye-shirye tare da tsari a kwance na yankunan siginar haske dole ne a juya digiri 180.Kuma na biyu an shigar da su ne kawai a gefensu, don haka motar tana amfani da saiti na diffusers - dama da hagu.Duk wannan dole ne a yi la'akari da lokacin siyan sassa.
Halayen ruwan tabarau na fitilar baya dole ne su cika buƙatun GOST 8769-75, GOST R 41.7-99 da wasu waɗanda ke da ƙarfi a cikin Rasha.
Misalin ƙirar walƙiya mai sassa biyu da wurin mai watsawa a ciki
batutuwa na zaɓi, sauyawa da kuma kula da fitilar wutsiya
Fitilar wutsiya, musamman akan manyan motoci da taraktoci, ana fuskantar kamuwa da cutar ta yau da kullun ga abubuwan da ba su da kyau na muhalli, wanda ke haifar da turɓayarsu, tsagewa, guntuwarsu da kuma lalata gaba ɗaya.An haramta amfani da abin hawa tare da lalacewa mai lalacewa, saboda hakan na iya haifar da hukunci ga mai motar.Saboda haka, dole ne a maye gurbin wannan sashi da wuri-wuri.
Ya kamata a maye gurbin ruwan tabarau kawai da nau'ikan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin fitilun, kuma sun dace da fitilun da aka sanya a cikin fitilun (wannan ya shafi alamun jagora).Anan ya zama dole a yi la'akari da nau'in da gefen shigarwa na na'urar haske, kuma amfani da ko dai na duniya ko an tsara shi don wannan fitilun fitilu na musamman.
Musamman hankali ya kamata a biya ga launi na diffusers da yankuna a kansu - dole ne su bi daidai GOST.A lokaci guda, masu nuna shugabanci na iya zama nau'i biyu - fari ko orange (amber), ana amfani da su tare da fitilu iri-iri: fari - tare da fitilu, kwan fitila wanda aka zana a cikin launin rawaya (amber), da kuma orange - tare da talakawa fitilu tare da m kwan fitila.A yau, zaku iya samun nau'ikan diffusers masu haɗaka biyu waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin alamar jagora za a iya maye gurbinsu da wani ɓangaren farin ko orange, wanda ke ba su damar amfani da fitilu na kowane nau'in.
Maye gurbin diffuser gabaɗaya abu ne mai sauƙi: kawai kwance ƴan sukurori, cire tsohuwar diffuser da gasket, tsaftace wurin shigarwa na sassan, sanya sabon hatimi, shigar da diffuser da dunƙule a cikin sukurori.Don maye gurbin masu rarraba na'urorin hasken wuta na motocin fasinja na zamani, yana iya zama dole a wargaza dukkan fitilu.A kowane hali, duk aikin dole ne a gudanar da shi daidai da umarnin don gyarawa da kula da abin hawa.
Tare da zaɓin da ya dace da maye gurbin mai watsawa, duk na'urorin hasken motar za su dace da ma'auni kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga amincin hanya.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-11-2023