Ƙarfin tuƙi mai ƙarfi: tushen ingantaccen aikin tuƙin wutar lantarki

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Yawancin motocin zamani masu tayar da kayar baya suna amfani da sitiyarin wutar lantarki, wanda ya dogara da famfo mai bel.Karanta game da abin da bel ɗin wutar lantarki yake, wane nau'in belts akwai da kuma yadda aka tsara su, da kuma zaɓi da maye gurbin waɗannan sassa a cikin labarin.

 

Menene bel ɗin tuƙi?

Ƙarfin tuƙi mai ƙarfi (bel ɗin tuƙin wutar lantarki, bel ɗin tuƙi na wutar lantarki) - wani nau'in tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki na motocin masu ƙafafu;bel mara iyaka (rufewa) ta hanyarsa ana fitar da famfon mai sarrafa wutar lantarki daga injin crankshaft pulley ko wata naúrar da aka ɗora.

Yawancin motoci na zamani suna sanye da sitiyarin wutar lantarki (power steering), wanda ke haifar da ƙarin juzu'i akan ƙafafun tuƙi don sauƙaƙe tuki.Ƙarfin da ake buƙata akan mai kunna wutar lantarki yana haifar da matsa lamba na ruwa mai aiki da ke fitowa daga famfo na musamman.A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana shigar da famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki, tare da wasu raka'a, kai tsaye a kan na'urar wutar lantarki, kuma an gina motarsa ​​bisa ga tsarin gargajiya - ta hanyar amfani da V-belt watsa daga crankshaft pulley ko wani naúrar da aka ɗora.

Tushen watsawar V-belt shine bel ɗin tuƙi, wanda ke warware ɗawainiyar maɓalli ɗaya - don tabbatar da watsawar juzu'i daga crankshaft pulley ko wasu naúrar zuwa injin tuƙin famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki a cikin kewayon saurin injin (ciki har da hanyoyin wucewa). kuma a kowane yanayin aiki.Wannan bel din, ya danganta da nau’in tukin wutar lantarki, yana taka rawar gani ko kadan wajen tabbatar da aikin injin da yadda ake tafiyar da motar, amma a kowane hali, idan aka sawa ko ta lalace, sai a canza ta zuwa wata sabuwa. ba tare da bata lokaci ba.Kuma kafin siyan sabon bel ɗin wutar lantarki, ya kamata ku fahimci nau'ikan waɗannan sassa na yanzu, ƙirar su da fasali.

 

Nau'i, na'ura da fasalulluka na bel na tuƙi

Za a iya gina tuƙi na famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki bisa ga tsare-tsare daban-daban:

● Tare da taimakon bel ɗin tuƙi na gama gari don raka'a da aka ɗora na injin;
● Tare da taimakon bel na mutum ɗaya daga injin crankshaft pulley;
● Tare da taimakon bel ɗin mutum ɗaya daga jakunkuna na wani rukunin da aka ɗora - famfon ruwa ko janareta.

A cikin akwati na farko, famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki yana kunshe a cikin guda ɗaya na raka'a da aka ɗora tare da bel na kowa, a cikin mafi sauƙi, bel ɗin yana rufe janareta da famfo na ruwa, a kan bas da manyan motoci, famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki na iya samun na kowa drive tare da kwampreso iska;A cikin madaidaitan tsare-tsare, damfarar kwandishan da sauran raka'a suna cikin tuƙi.A cikin shari'a ta biyu, ana amfani da ɗan gajeren bel na dabam, wanda ke watsa juzu'i kai tsaye daga ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa zuwa injin tuƙin famfo.A cikin yanayi na uku, ana fara ba da wutar lantarki zuwa famfo ko janareta tare da jan ƙarfe biyu, kuma daga waɗannan raka'a ta hanyar bel ɗin daban zuwa famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki.

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Tutar famfo mai ƙarfi tare da bel ɗin tuƙi na gama gari

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Fitar da fam ɗin wutar lantarki tare da bel ɗinsa tare da mai tayar da hankali

Don fitar da famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki, ana amfani da bel na ƙira da girma dabam dabam:

● M bel ɗin V;
● Belts V-haƙori;
● V-ribbed (multi-stranded) belts.

Belt V mai santsi shine samfurin mafi sauƙi wanda aka fi amfani dashi a cikin motocin gida da bas.Irin wannan bel yana da trapezoidal cross-section, kunkuntar gefensa yana da lebur, fadi - radius (convex), wanda ke tabbatar da rarraba ma'auni a cikin bel lokacin da aka lanƙwasa.

V-belt mai haƙori iri ɗaya ne na V-bel wanda a ciki ake yin ƙuƙumman hakora (hakora) akan kunkuntar tushe, yana ƙara sassaucin samfurin ba tare da rasa ƙarfi ba.Ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan bel ɗin a kan ɗigon ƙananan diamita kuma suna aiki akai-akai a cikin yanayin zafi da yawa.

V-ribbed bel ne lebur da fadi da kewayon, a kan aikin da surface daga uku zuwa bakwai a tsaye V-grooves (koguna).Irin wannan bel yana da yanki mafi girma tare da ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ke tabbatar da abin dogara da karfin juyi kuma yana rage yiwuwar zamewa.

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Smooth ikon tuƙi V-belt

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Ƙarfin tuƙi V-belt lokaci bel

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V-ribbed ikon tuƙi bel

Ana amfani da bel ɗin V-mai laushi da haƙori a cikin ɗaiɗaikun tuƙi na injin tuƙin wutar lantarki daga crankshaft kuma a cikin injin ɗin famfo haɗe tare da tuƙin injin kwampreso na iska ko wasu naúrar.Ana amfani da tuki bisa tushen V-bels akan kayan gida, da kuma kan bas da motocin kasuwanci na samar da Asiya.V-ribbed belts tare da adadi mai yawa na rafuka (6-7) galibi ana amfani da su a cikin manyan tutocin da aka ɗora raka'a na rukunin wutar lantarki, yawancin bel na wannan ƙirar, amma tare da ƙaramin adadin rafukan (kawai 2-4). ), ana samun su a cikin ɗaiɗaikun masu tuƙi na famfuna masu sarrafa wutar lantarki daga ƙugiya ko wata naúrar da aka ɗora.Ana yawan amfani da tuƙi masu bel ɗin ribbed a cikin motocin fasinja na waje.

Ƙaƙwalwar wutar lantarki suna da ƙira mai sauƙi.Tushen bel ɗin shine nau'in igiyar igiya da aka yi da fiber na roba (polyamide, polyester ko wasu), kewaye da bel ɗin kanta yana samuwa daga vulcanized roba na maki daban-daban.Slow da serrated V-belts yawanci suna da ƙarin kariya daga saman waje a cikin nau'i na ƙwanƙwasa da aka yi da masana'anta na bakin ciki a cikin yadudduka biyu zuwa uku.Don gano bel, ana iya amfani da alamomi da bayanai daban-daban na taimako akan faffadan tushe.

Rubber V-belts na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa don kayan aiki na gida dole ne su bi ka'idodin GOST 5813-2015, ana iya kerar su a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan guda biyu a cikin faɗin (kunkuntar da al'ada giciye) kuma suna da daidaitaccen kewayon masu girma dabam.Ana kera bel ɗin V-ribbed bisa ga ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya daban-daban da na masu kera motoci.

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Yanke bel ɗin tuƙi na wutar lantarki

Batutuwa na zaɓi da maye gurbin bel ɗin tuƙi

Yayin aikin naúrar wutar lantarki, duk bel ɗin sun ƙare kuma a ƙarshe suna buƙatar maye gurbinsu, wannan ya shafi bel ɗin tuƙi.Ya kamata a yi maye gurbin wannan bel a cikin lokacin shawarar da mai kera mota ya ba da shawarar, ko (wanda ke faruwa sau da yawa) lokacin sawa ko lalacewa.Yawancin lokaci, buƙatar maye gurbin bel ɗin wutar lantarki yana nuna ta tabarbarewar siginar wutar lantarki a duk hanyoyin aiki na mota.Har ila yau, dole ne a maye gurbin bel ɗin idan an sami tsagewa akansa, daɗaɗɗa mai yawa kuma, ba shakka, lokacin da ya karye.

Don maye gurbin, ya kamata ka zaɓi bel na nau'in nau'in da aka sanya akan mota a baya.Don sababbin motoci, wannan dole ne ya zama bel na wani lambar kasida, kuma bayan ƙarewar lokacin garanti, zaka iya amfani da kowane belts tare da halaye masu dacewa - nau'in (V-platet, V-ribbed), giciye-sashe da tsayi.Idan bel mai sarrafa wutar lantarki yana da abin nadi na tashin hankali, to ya wajaba don siyan wannan sashin nan da nan tare da masu ɗaure.Ba a ba da shawarar barin tsohon mai tayar da hankali ba, saboda wannan zai iya haifar da lalacewa mai nauyi ko lalacewa ga sabon bel.

Ya kamata a yi maye gurbin bel ɗin wutar lantarki daidai da umarnin don gyarawa da kiyaye abin hawa.A kan motoci tare da mutum ɗaya na famfo mai sarrafa wutar lantarki kuma ba tare da mai tayar da hankali ba, ya isa ya sassauta maɗaurin famfo, cire tsohon bel, shigar da sabon abu da tashin hankali bel saboda daidaitaccen famfo.Idan an samar da abin nadi na tashin hankali a cikin irin wannan tuƙi, to da farko an wargaje shi, sannan a cire bel ɗin, an saka wani sabon a wurinsa, sannan a saka sabon tashin hankali.A cikin injuna tare da abubuwan haɗin kai na gama gari, ana maye gurbin bel a cikin hanya ɗaya.

A wasu lokuta, aikin maye gurbin bel na iya zama mai rikitarwa ta buƙatar yin ƙarin ayyuka.Misali, akan injuna da yawa, dole ne ka fara cire bel ɗin alternator, sannan ka maye gurbin bel ɗin tuƙin wutar lantarki.Ya kamata a yi la'akari da wannan kuma nan da nan shirya kayan aikin da ya dace.

Abu mafi mahimmanci lokacin maye gurbinbel din wutar lantarkishine don tabbatar da cewa an daidaita shi yadda ya kamata.Idan bel ɗin ya yi yawa, sassan za su fuskanci manyan kaya, kuma bel ɗin kanta zai shimfiɗa kuma ya ƙare a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Tare da rauni mai rauni, bel zai zamewa, wanda zai haifar da lalacewa a cikin aikin sarrafa wutar lantarki.Sabili da haka, wajibi ne a bi shawarwarin da aka bayar a cikin umarnin, kuma, idan surukin yana da irin wannan damar, yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don tabbatar da tashin hankali na al'ada.

Tare da zaɓin da ya dace da maye gurbin bel, wutar lantarki zai samar da tuki mai dadi a duk yanayin hanya.


Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-14-2023