Mafi yawa daga cikin raka'a da aka sanya a kan injuna na MTZ (Belarus) tarakta suna da classic bel drive dangane da V-belt.Karanta duk game da bel na MTZ, fasalin ƙirar su, nau'ikan su, halaye da dacewa, da kuma zaɓin zaɓi da maye gurbin su daidai.
Menene bel na MTZ?
MTZ Belin - mara iyaka (zobe) roba bel na wedge giciye-section, amfani da su watsa karfin juyi daga crankshaft zuwa pulleys na saka raka'a na tarakta injuna kerarre ta Minsk Tractor Plant (MTZ, Belarus).
A bisa tsarin watsa V-belt, ana gina tutoci na kayan aiki daban-daban, waɗanda yakamata suyi aiki lokacin da injin ke gudana: famfo na ruwa, fan mai sanyaya, janareta na lantarki, kwampreso na pneumatic da na'urar kwandishan.Ana aiwatar da bel ɗin tuƙi ta hanyar jakunkuna da aka ɗora a kan injin crankshaft da ramukan raka'a, da bel ɗin roba na bayanin martaba da tsayin da ya dace.Wannan tuƙi yana da sauƙi kuma abin dogara, amma bel ɗin yana da lalacewa da lalacewa, don haka dole ne a canza shi akai-akai.Don daidaitaccen zaɓi na bel, ya zama dole a san game da nau'ikan waɗannan samfuran da aka yi amfani da su akan tarakta MTZ, halayen su da kuma amfani da su.
Nau'i, fasali da kuma amfani da bel na MTZ
A kan sassan wutar lantarki na kayan aikin Minsk, ana amfani da bel na roba na yau da kullum, wanda ya bambanta a cikin ɓangaren giciye, bayanin martaba, nau'in igiya, girman da kuma amfani.
Duk belts suna da daidaitaccen ƙira.Suna dogara ne akan nau'in nau'i mai ɗaukar nauyi - igiyar igiya, an sanya shi a cikin jikin bel ɗin da aka yi da roba mai ɓarna a wata hanya ko wata, kuma ana kiyaye farfajiyar waje ta hanyar sutura.Dangane da nau'in Layer mai ɗaukar nauyi, belts sun kasu kashi biyu:
● Tare da igiya na polyamide (nailan);
● Tare da igiyar polyester.
MTZ belts ne V-bels - su giciye-segare ne wani wedge tare da lebur ko dan kadan convex fadi da tushe da kuma madaidaiciya kunkuntar tushe.An raba samfuran zuwa nau'i biyu bisa ga girman nisa da tsayi:
● Nau'in I - bel na kunkuntar sashin giciye;
● Nau'in II - bel na sashin giciye na al'ada.
Haka kuma, samfuran sassan biyu na iya samun bayanin martaba daban-daban (nau'in kunkuntar tushe):
● Belt mai laushi - tare da madaidaiciyar kunkuntar tushe;
● Belin lokaci - haƙoran zare masu jujjuyawa ana yin su akan kunkuntar tushe.
Tsarin V-belt
Belin lokaci sun fi na roba kuma suna da ƙaramin radius na lanƙwasa, wanda ke samun ƙarin amincin bel ɗin tuƙi.Duk da haka, a cikin jikin santsi mai santsi, ana rarraba kayan daɗaɗɗen a ko'ina, don haka sun fi tsayi, musamman ma a cikin yanayi tare da ƙara yawan kayan inji da na thermal.
Taraktocin MTZ suna amfani da bel mai yawa, waɗanda aka raba zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa bisa ga cancanta:
● Don tarakta tare da injuna na layin D-242, D-243, D-245 (samfurin farko da na yanzu MTZ-80/82, 100/102, ƙirar asali Belarus-550, 900, 1025, 1220.1);
● Domin tarakta tare da injuna na D-260, D-265 Lines (na asali model Belarus-1221, 1502, 1523, 2022);
● Don tarakta tare da injunan Lombardini (samfurin asali Belarus-320, 622).
Bisa ga manufar, belts sun kasu kashi kamar haka:
● Tushen famfo ruwa (belt tare da sashin giciye na 16 × 11 mm, tsawon 1220 mm, santsi);
● Ruwan famfo da famfo (belt tare da sashin giciye na 11 × 10 mm, 1250 mm santsi, da hakori);
● Pneumatic kwampreso drive (bel tare da giciye sashe na 11 × 10 mm, tsawon 1250 mm santsi da hakori, bel tare da giciye sashe na 11 × 10 tare da tsawon 875 mm hakori ga Lombardini injuna);
● Tuki na kwandishan kwandishan (belt tare da sashin giciye na 11 × 10 mm, tsawon 1650 mm);
● Generator drive (bel tare da giciye sashe na 11 × 10 mm, tsawon 1180 mm santsi da toothed, bel da giciye sashe na 11 × 10 mm, tsawon 1150 mm toothed, bel tare da giciye sashe na 11 × 10 mm, tsawon. 975 mm hakori don injunan Lombardini).
An gabatar da bel ɗin da aka fi sani da su a cikin nau'i biyu - santsi da haƙori, suna da ƙirar yanayi daban-daban.An tsara bel na lokaci don amfani a cikin yankuna masu zafi da yanayin zafi (version "T" da "U" na nau'i daban-daban tare da zafin jiki na aiki har zuwa + 60 ° C), da bel mai santsi - don amfani a duk yankuna, ciki har da waɗannan. tare da yanayin sanyi (version "HL" na nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban, tare da yanayin aiki har zuwa -60 ° C).Dole ne a yi la'akari da wannan lokacin zabar sabon bel.
Anan mun lura cewa duk bel ɗin MTZ ana kiransa bel ɗin fan wanda ya dace da buƙatun GOST 5813-2015 (da sigoginsa na baya).Sunan "fan" bai kamata ya zama mai rudani ba - waɗannan samfuran roba sune bel ɗin tuƙi na duniya waɗanda za a iya amfani da su a cikin tuki na raka'a daban-daban.
Tushen bel ɗin naúrar injin da aka ɗora zai iya zama jeri ɗaya da jeri biyu.A cikin shari'ar farko, naúrar tana da V-pulli ɗaya kawai da tuƙi akan bel ɗaya.A cikin akwati na biyu, an shigar da ɗigon ruwa mai ninki biyu (biyu) akan naúrar da crankshaft, tare da bel ɗin V guda biyu.Watsawa na V-belt mai layi biyu ya fi dogara, wannan jeri na bel yana hana su karkacewa kuma yana rage yiwuwar zamewa lokacin fara injin da sauri.Yau, a kan daban-daban injuna, wanda aka sanye take da MTZ tarakta, za ka iya samun biyu drive zažužžukan.
Batutuwa na zaɓi da maye gurbin bel na MTZ
V-belts suna fallasa su ga tasirin muhalli (musamman a cikin tarakta MTZ na ƙirar ƙirar 80, 320, 422, 550, 622, 1025, 1221 tare da ɗakunan injin buɗewar su), yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi da manyan kayan inji, don haka bayan lokaci suka fashe. , mikewa, exfoliated da daina yin ayyukansu.A duk waɗannan lokuta, ya kamata a maye gurbin bel.
Zaɓin bel don tarakta ba shi da wahala sosai - sabon samfurin dole ne ya kasance yana da ɓangaren giciye da tsayi kamar tsohon.Yawancin lokaci, girman bel ɗin suna nuna akan saman su marasa aiki (fadi), Hakanan zaka iya gano halaye na bel daga umarnin ko kasida na kayan gyara don injin ko tarakta.Dole ne a tuna cewa samfurori tare da sashin giciye na 11 × 10 mm sune belts tare da kunkuntar sashin giciye (nau'in I), samfurori tare da sashin 16 × 11 sune belts tare da sashin giciye na al'ada (nau'in II), kuma ba su da musanyawa.Saboda haka, idan kana bukatar wani drive bel domin ruwa famfo na D-242 engine, irin wannan bel daga D-260 engine ba za a iya sanya a wurinsa, kuma mataimakin versa.
Idan injin yana amfani da motar V-belt sau biyu, ana ba da shawarar canza bel ɗin biyu lokaci ɗaya, in ba haka ba tsohon bel ɗin da ya rage a cikin biyun na iya zama tushen matsala nan da nan.
Misali na shigarwa da daidaitawa da tashin hankali na belin mai canzawa da famfo na ruwa na injin D-260
Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga zaɓin bel don tarakta daidai da yanayin yanayin yankunan da suka fi so na aiki.Don kayan aikin da ke aiki a cikin yanayin sanyi, kawai bel mai santsi a cikin sigar "HL" sun dace.Shigar da bel na lokaci a cikin sigar "T" ko "U" a cikin hunturu na iya haifar da karyewa - irin wannan bel ɗin ya zama mai tauri a cikin sanyi, fashewa da rushewa har ma da ƙananan kaya.Don tarakta da ke aiki a cikin yankuna tare da yanayi mai dumi, akasin haka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da belts a cikin zane na wurare masu zafi, gami da masu haƙori - sun fi tsayayya da zafi kuma suna da ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakawa, wanda ke hana haɓakar haɓakar su a babban yanayin zafi.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, maye gurbin belts a kan tarakta MTZ ba shi da wahala - a mafi yawan lokuta ya zama dole don rage tashin hankali ta hanyar sassauta ɗaurin naúrar (yawanci janareta) ko na'urar tashin hankali, cire tsohon bel, saka sabon kuma daidaita tashin hankali.Sabuwar bel ɗin dole ne ya sami tashin hankali da masana'antun injin ɗin suka ba da shawarar kuma an ƙayyade a cikin umarnin da suka dace.Don daidaita bel ɗin da ya dace, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da na'ura ta musamman tare da dynamometer.Daidaita "da ido" ba a yarda da shi ba - tare da rauni mai rauni, belts za su zamewa (wanda ba a yarda da shi ba ga wasu raka'a, alal misali, don famfo na ruwa, tun da injin a cikin wannan yanayin zai yi zafi) kuma ya ci gaba sosai, kuma tare da tashin hankali mai ƙarfi, bel ɗin zai shimfiɗa kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga matsanancin lalacewa na bearings da sauran sassan sassan.
Zaɓin da ya dace, shigarwa da daidaita bel ɗin MTZ shine mabuɗin don ingantaccen aiki na injin da dukan tarakta a kowane yanayi.
Tubular shaye bututu matsa
Tubular clamps ana yin su ne a cikin nau'i na gajeren bututu tare da yanke mai tsayi (ko bututu biyu da aka saka a cikin juna) tare da tsaga biyu a gefuna.Ana iya amfani da irin wannan nau'in matsi don haɗa bututun daga ƙarshen zuwa-ƙarshe da zoba, yana tabbatar da babban aminci da ƙarancin shigarwa.
Ƙunƙarar hawa
Ana amfani da matsin hawa don rataya tarkacen shaye-shaye da sassanta daban-daban a ƙarƙashin firam / jikin motar.Lambar su a cikin tsarin na iya zama daga ɗaya zuwa uku ko fiye.Wadannan muffler clamps suna cikin manyan nau'ikan uku:
- Rarraba ma'auni na nau'i da siffofi daban-daban;
- Bangare biyu masu iya rabuwa;
- Rabin matsi mai sassa biyu masu iya cirewa.
Rarraba madaukai sune mafi yawa kuma na yau da kullun waɗanda ake amfani da su don hawa bututu, mufflers da sauran sassan tsarin shaye-shaye akan abubuwa masu ɗaukar kaya.A cikin mafi sauƙi, an yi matsi a cikin nau'i na tef na bayanin martaba na zagaye tare da gashin ido don ƙarfafawa tare da dunƙule (ƙulle).Staples na iya zama kunkuntar da fadi, a cikin akwati na ƙarshe suna da tsayin daka mai tsayi kuma ana manne da sukurori biyu.Sau da yawa, ana yin irin waɗannan maƙallan a cikin nau'i na nau'i na U-dimbin yawa ko sassa na bayanin martaba na zagaye tare da gashin ido ya karu da tsayi - tare da taimakonsu, an dakatar da sassan tsarin shaye-shaye daga firam / jiki a wani nisa.
Ana yin ƙugiya masu ɓangarori biyu a cikin nau'i na rabi biyu a cikin nau'i na kaset ko tube, kowannensu yana da idanu biyu don hawa da sukurori (kullun).Tare da taimakon samfurori na irin wannan nau'in, yana yiwuwa a shigar da mufflers da bututu a wurare masu wuyar isa ko kuma inda yake da wuya a shigar da maƙallan tsaga na al'ada.
Theambarar da aka kasu kashi biyu sashen sashen biyu sune ƙananan yanayin clamps, ɓangaren na sama wanda aka sanya a cikin firam / jikin abin hawa.
Matsakaicin duniya
Wannan rukuni na samfurori ya haɗa da clamps, staples, wanda zai iya taka rawa a lokaci guda na hawan hawan da haɗuwa - suna samar da suturar bututu kuma a lokaci guda suna riƙe da dukan tsarin a kan firam / jikin mota.
Siffofin ƙira da halayen muffler clamps
Ana yin manne da ƙarfe na nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan an yi su ana yin su - galibi na tsari, ƙasa da sau da yawa - daga gami (bakin ƙarfe), don ƙarin kariya ana iya sanya su cikin galvanized ko nickel plated / chrome plated (sinadaran ko galvanic).Hakanan ya shafi skru/kullun da suka zo tare da matsi.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, clamps ana yin su ta hanyar stamping daga ƙarfe na ƙarfe (kaset).Matsala na iya samun nau'o'i daban-daban, daidai da daidaitattun ma'auni kuma maras kyau na diamita na bututu.Ƙunƙarar ƙwanƙwasa na mufflers, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da siffar hadaddun (oval, tare da protrusions), wanda ya dace da sashin giciye na muffler, resonator ko mai canzawa na abin hawa.Duk wannan ya kamata a la'akari da lokacin zabar wani sabon sashi don motar.
Batutuwa na zaɓi da maye gurbin matsi na muffler
Matsakaicin suna aiki a cikin yanayi mai wahala, koyaushe ana fallasa su ga canje-canje masu dumama da zafin jiki, fallasa ga iskar gas, da ruwa, datti da mahaɗan sinadarai daban-daban (gishiri daga hanya da sauransu).Sabili da haka, bayan lokaci, hatta ƙullun da aka yi da ƙarfe na gawa suna rasa ƙarfi kuma suna iya haifar da ɗigogi na shaye-shaye ko lalata amincin wurin shaye-shaye.Idan akwai raguwa, dole ne a maye gurbin matsi, kuma ana ba da shawarar canza waɗannan sassa lokacin maye gurbin sassan mutum ɗaya ko duka tsarin shaye-shaye na motar.
Ya kamata a zaɓi maƙalar muffler daidai da manufarsa da diamita na bututu / mufflers don haɗawa.Da kyau, kuna buƙatar amfani da matsi na nau'in nau'in iri ɗaya da lambar kasida wacce aka shigar akan motar a baya.Duk da haka, a yawancin lokuta, maye gurbin wanda zai iya inganta aikin tsarin yana yarda.Alal misali, ya dace sosai don maye gurbin matakan matsawa tare da tsaga-tsalle guda ɗaya - zai samar da mafi kyawun ƙarfi da ƙara ƙarfin shigarwa.A gefe guda, wani lokacin ba shi yiwuwa a maye gurbin - alal misali, sau da yawa ba zai yiwu a maye gurbin madaidaicin sassan biyu ba tare da wani, tun da za'a iya daidaita siffar ƙarshen sassan bututun da aka haɗa da shi.
Lokacin zabar clamps, ya kamata ku tuna game da fasalin shigarwar su.Matsakaicin matsakaita shine mafi sauƙi don shigarwa - ana iya shigar dashi akan bututun da aka riga aka haɗa, tunda an katse matakin daga mashigar giciye sannan kuma an ƙara ta da goro.Wannan gaskiya ne cikakke ga manne sassa biyu.Kuma don shigar da tsaga guda ɗaya ko tubular clamps, da farko za a cire haɗin bututun, a saka su a cikin matsi sannan a sanya su.Wasu matsaloli na iya tasowa lokacin shigar da clamps na duniya, tunda a cikin wannan yanayin yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye sassan da ke da alaƙa da juna a lokaci guda kuma sanya su a daidai nisa daga firam / jiki.
A lokacin da ake hawa matsi, ya zama dole don tabbatar da shigarwa daidai na shigarwa da kuma amincin ƙarfafa screws - kawai a cikin wannan yanayin haɗin zai kasance mai ƙarfi, amintacce kuma mai dorewa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-05-2023