Tushen tsarin tsarin pneumatic na manyan motocin MAZ shine naúrar don allurar iska - kwampreta mai jujjuyawa.Karanta game da MAZ compressors iska, nau'ikan su, fasali, ƙira da ƙa'idar aiki, da kuma kulawa da kyau, zaɓi da siyan wannan rukunin a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene MAZ compressor?
MAZ kwampreso wani bangare ne na tsarin birki na manyan motocin Minsk Automobile Plant tare da hanyoyin tuki na huhu;na'ura don matsawa iskar da ke fitowa daga yanayi da kuma isar da shi zuwa sassan tsarin pneumatic.
Compressor yana daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin pneumatic, yana da manyan ayyuka guda uku:
• Shan iska daga yanayi;
• Ƙunƙarar iska zuwa matsa lamba da ake buƙata (0.6-1.2 MPa, dangane da yanayin aiki);
• Samar da ƙarar iskar da ake buƙata zuwa tsarin.
An shigar da kwampreso a mashigai zuwa tsarin, yana ba da iska mai matsa lamba a cikin ƙarar da ta dace don aiki na yau da kullum na duk sassan tsarin birki da sauran masu amfani.Yin aiki mara daidai ko gazawar wannan naúrar yana rage tasirin birki kuma yana lalata sarrafa abin hawa.Sabili da haka, dole ne a gyara ko maye gurbin da ba daidai ba da sauri, kuma don yin zaɓi na naúrar daidai, kuna buƙatar fahimtar nau'ikansa, fasali da halaye.
Nau'o'i, halaye da kuma dacewa na MAZ compressors
Motocin MAZ suna amfani da kwamfutocin iska na piston mai hawa daya da silinda daya da biyu.Amfani da raka'a ya dogara da samfurin injin da aka shigar akan motar, ana amfani da samfuran asali guda biyu:
- 130-3509 don motoci tare da YaMZ-236 da YaMZ-238 na gyare-gyare daban-daban, MMZ D260 da sauransu, da kuma tare da sababbin wutar lantarki YaMZ "Euro-3" da mafi girma (YaMZ-6562.10 da sauransu);
- 18.3509015-10 da gyare-gyare don motoci tare da TMZ 8481.10 wutar lantarki na gyare-gyare daban-daban.
Ainihin model 130-3409 - 2-Silinda kwampreso, a kan tushen da dukan line na raka'a da aka gabatar a cikin tebur:
| Samfurin Compressor | Yawan aiki, l/min | Amfani da wutar lantarki, kW | Nau'in actuator |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16-3509012 | 210 | 2,17 | V-belt drive, 172 mm |
| 161-3509012 | 210 | 2,0 | |
| 161-3509012-20 | 275 | 2,45 | |
| 540-3509015,540-3509015 B1 | 210 | 2,17 | |
| 5336-3509012 | 210 |
Waɗannan raka'o'in suna ba da waɗannan halaye a saurin juzu'i na 2000 rpm kuma suna kiyaye har zuwa matsakaicin mitar 2500 rpm.Compressors 5336-3509012, wanda aka ƙera don ƙarin injuna na zamani, suna aiki da saurin gudu na 2800 da 3200 rpm, bi da bi.
Ana ɗora na'urorin damfara akan injin, suna haɗawa da tsarin sanyaya da kuma sanya mai.Shugaban naúrar yana sanyaya ruwa, silinda suna sanyaya iska saboda ci gaban fins.Lubrication na shafa sassan suna haɗuwa (ana shafa sassa daban-daban a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba da feshin mai).Bambance-bambance tsakanin gyare-gyare na compressors na samfurin tushe 130-3409 shine matsayi daban-daban na bututun shigarwa da fitarwa na tsarin sanyaya da lubrication, da zane na bawuloli.
Naúrar 18.3509015-10 - Silinda guda ɗaya, tare da damar 373 l / min a saurin shaft na 2000 rpm (mafi girman - 2700 rpm, matsakaicin a rage matsa lamba - 3000 rpm).An ɗora compressor a kan injin, ana motsa shi ta hanyar gears na tsarin rarraba gas, an haɗa shi da tsarin sanyaya da lubrication na motar.sanyaya kai ruwa ne, silinda sanyaya iska ne, man shafawa yana hade.
Ƙungiyar daban ta ƙunshi compressors 5340.3509010-20 / LK3881 (Silinda guda ɗaya) da 536.3509010 / LP4870 (biyu-Silinda) - waɗannan raka'a suna da damar 270 l / min (duka zaɓuɓɓuka) da tuƙi daga kayan aikin lokaci.
Ana ba da Compressors na kowane nau'i a cikin jeri daban-daban - tare da kuma ba tare da jakunkuna ba, tare da saukewa (tare da mai sarrafa matsa lamba na inji, "soja") kuma ba tare da shi ba, da sauransu.
Zane da ka'idar aiki na MAZ compressors
MAZ compressors na kowane samfuri suna da na'ura mai sauƙi.Tushen naúrar shine shingen Silinda, a cikin ɓangaren sama wanda ke cikin silinda, kuma a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren akwai crankshaft tare da bearings.An rufe crankcase na naúrar tare da murfin gaba da baya, an ɗora kai a kan toshe ta hanyar gasket (gasket).A cikin silinda akwai pistons a kan sanduna masu haɗawa, shigarwa na waɗannan sassa ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar layi.Ana shigar da kayan kwalliya ko kayan tuƙi akan yatsan ƙwanƙwasa, ƙwanƙwasa / gear yana hawa maɓalli, tare da daidaitawa da ƙaura na tsaye tare da goro.
Block da crankshaft suna da tashoshin mai da ke ba da mai ga sassan shafa.Man fetur da aka matsa yana gudana ta hanyar tashoshi a cikin crankshaft zuwa mujallolin sanda mai haɗawa, inda yake lubricates da ke dubawa na masu layi da sandar haɗi.Har ila yau, ƙananan matsa lamba daga jaridu masu haɗawa ta hanyar haɗin haɗin kai yana shiga fil ɗin piston.Bugu da ari, mai yana magudana kuma yana karyewa ta hanyar jujjuya sassa zuwa ƙananan ɗigo - sakamakon hazo mai yana sa bangon Silinda da sauran sassa.
A cikin shugaban toshe akwai bawuloli - ci, ta hanyar abin da iska daga yanayi ya shiga cikin Silinda, da fitarwa, ta hanyar da aka ba da iska mai matsawa zuwa sassan tsarin na gaba.Bawuloli suna da nau'in wafer, ana riƙe su a cikin rufaffiyar wuri tare da taimakon maɓuɓɓugan ruwa.Tsakanin bawuloli akwai na'ura mai saukarwa, wanda, lokacin da matsa lamba a wurin kwampreso ya tashi da yawa, yana buɗe bawuloli biyu, yana ba da damar iskar iska kyauta tsakanin su ta tashar fitarwa.
Zane na biyu-Silinda kwampreso MAZ
Ka'idar aiki na compressors iska yana da sauƙi.Lokacin da injin ya fara, rafin naúrar ya fara juyawa, yana samar da motsi na pistons ta hanyar haɗin kai.Lokacin da aka saukar da fistan a ƙarƙashin rinjayar matsa lamba na yanayi, bawul ɗin ci yana buɗewa, kuma iska daga, bayan wucewa ta wurin tacewa don cire gurɓataccen abu, ya cika silinda.Lokacin da aka ɗaga piston, bawul ɗin cin abinci yana rufe, a lokaci guda ana rufe bawul ɗin fitarwa - matsin lamba a cikin silinda yana ƙaruwa.Lokacin da aka kai wani matsa lamba, bawul ɗin fitarwa yana buɗewa kuma iska tana gudana ta cikinsa cikin tsarin pneumatic.Idan matsa lamba a cikin tsarin ya yi yawa, to, na'urar fitarwa ta zo aiki, duka bawuloli suna buɗewa, kuma kwampreso ya yi aiki.
A cikin raka'o'in silinda guda biyu, silinda suna aiki a cikin antiphase: lokacin da piston ɗaya ya motsa ƙasa kuma aka tsotse iska a cikin Silinda, fistan na biyu ya matsa sama yana tura iska mai matsa lamba a cikin tsarin.
Batutuwa na kulawa, gyarawa, zaɓi da maye gurbin MAZ compressors
Kwamfuta na iska wani yanki ne mai sauƙi kuma abin dogaro wanda zai iya aiki tsawon shekaru.Duk da haka, don cimma wannan sakamakon, ya zama dole don aiwatar da aikin da aka tsara akai-akai.A musamman, ya kamata a duba tashin hankali na drive bel na biyu-Silinda compressors kowace rana (deflection na bel kada ya wuce 5-8 mm a lokacin da wani karfi na 3 kg da aka yi amfani da shi), kuma, idan ya cancanta, gyara ya kamata. za a yi ta amfani da kullin tensioner.
Kowane 10-12 dubu kilomita gudu, kana buƙatar duba hatimin tashar samar da man fetur a cikin murfin baya na naúrar.Kowane kilomita dubu 40-50 na gudu, ya kamata a wargaje kan, ya kamata a tsaftace shi, pistons, bawuloli, tashoshi, bututun samarwa da fitarwa, da sauran sassa.Ana bincika amincin da amincin bawul ɗin nan da nan, idan ya cancanta, an maye gurbin su (tare da lapping).Hakanan, na'urar zazzagewar tana ƙarƙashin dubawa.Dole ne a gudanar da duk aikin daidai da umarnin don kiyayewa da gyara motar.
Idan mutum sassa na kwampreso karya, su za a iya maye gurbinsu, a wasu lokuta shi wajibi ne don canja gaba daya kwampreso (nakasawa da fasa a kai da kuma toshe, general lalacewa na cylinders da sauran malfunctions).Lokacin zabar sabon kwampreso, wajibi ne a yi la'akari da samfurin da gyare-gyare na tsohuwar naúrar, da kuma samfurin naúrar wutar lantarki.Gabaɗaya, duk raka'a dangane da 130-3509 suna canzawa kuma suna iya aiki akan kowane injunan YaMZ-236, 238 da gyare-gyare da yawa.Duk da haka, ya kamata a la'akari da cewa wasu daga cikinsu suna da damar 210 l / min, wasu kuma suna da damar 270 l / min, da kuma sabon compressors na samfurin 5336-3509012 na gyare-gyare daban-daban yawanci suna aiki a babban gudu. .Idan injin da aka yi amfani da shi yana da kwampreso tare da damar 270 l / min, to sabon rukunin dole ne ya zama iri ɗaya, in ba haka ba tsarin kawai ba zai sami isasshen iska don aiki na yau da kullun ba.
Single-cylinder compressors 18.3509015-10 an gabatar da su a cikin ƙaramin adadin gyare-gyare, kuma ba duka ba ne masu canzawa.Misali, compressor 18.3509015 an tsara shi don injunan KAMAZ 740 kuma bai dace da injunan YaMZ ba.Domin kauce wa kurakurai, kafin siyan su, kafin siyan su, ya zama dole a ƙayyade cikakken sunaye na compressors.
Na dabam, yana da daraja ambaton Jamus compressors KNORR-BREMSE, wanda su ne analogues na sama model na raka'a.Misali, ana iya maye gurbin damfarar silinda guda biyu da naúrar 650.3509009, da kwampressors guda-Silinda ta LP-3999.Wadannan compressors suna da halaye iri ɗaya da girman shigarwa, don haka suna sauƙin ɗaukar wurin na gida.
Tare da zabin da ya dace da shigarwa, MAZ compressor zai yi aiki da aminci, yana tabbatar da aiki na tsarin pneumatic na abin hawa a cikin kowane yanayin aiki.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-05-2023