Motoci suna ƙara sanye da kayan hasken zamani - fitilun mota na LED.Komai game da waɗannan fitilun, fasalin ƙirar su, nau'ikan da ke akwai, lakabi da kuma amfani da su, kazalika da zaɓin daidai da maye gurbin fitilun LED, an bayyana su a cikin wannan kayan.
Manufar LED fitilun mota
Fitilar LED ta Mota (Fitilar LED, fitilar LED) tushen hasken wutar lantarki ne wanda ya dogara da diodes masu haske (LED) da ake amfani da su a cikin fitilu da na'urorin hasken ababen hawa.
A cikin motocin zamani, tarakta da injuna daban-daban akwai maɓuɓɓugan haske da yawa - fitilolin mota, alamun jagora, fitilun birki, fitilun ajiye motoci, fitulun gudu na rana, hasken farantin lasisi, fitilolin hazo, hasken ciki (ciki har da hasken safofin hannu), fitilun akwati, dashboard. fitilu, da dai sauransu Shekaru da yawa, an yi amfani da fitilun fitilu na ƙira daban-daban, amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an ƙara maye gurbinsu da maɓuɓɓugan haske na semiconductor - fitilun LED.
Aiwatar da fitilun LED a cikin abubuwan hawa yana da fa'idodi guda uku:
● Rage amfani da wutar lantarki - LEDs tare da wutar lantarki mai haske mai kama da fitilun fitilu suna cinye ƙarancin halin yanzu;
● Ƙarawa a cikin tazarar sabis don kula da fitilu - LEDs suna da albarkatu da yawa sau da yawa fiye da fitilun fitilu, sabili da haka suna buƙatar sauyawa sau da yawa (kuma, saboda haka, rage farashin siyan sababbin fitilu);
● Inganta amincin kayan aikin hasken wuta - LED kwararan fitila suna da tsattsauran ra'ayi waɗanda ba su da filaments, don haka suna da tsayayya ga rawar jiki da girgiza.
A halin yanzu, ana samar da fitilun LED waɗanda za su iya maye gurbin fitilun fitilu gaba ɗaya a cikin mota.Duk da haka, don daidai zaɓi na waɗannan hanyoyin haske, ya kamata ku fahimci fasalin ƙirar su, halaye da plinth.
Zane da Halayen Fitilolin Mota na LED
A tsari, fitulun mota na LED sun ƙunshi abubuwa guda uku: wani gida wanda aka sanya ɗaya ko fiye da LEDs, da tushe don shigar da fitilar a cikin soket.Fitilar ta dogara ne akan LEDs masu haske shuɗi - na'urorin lantarki waɗanda aka dogara da crystal na kayan semiconductor (mafi yawancin gallium nitride da aka gyara tare da indium), a cikin abin da aka kafa pn junction, kuma ana amfani da phosphor a saman da ke fitarwa.Lokacin da halin yanzu ya wuce ta cikin LED, canjinsa yana fitar da launin shuɗi, wanda aka canza ta hanyar Layer na phosphor zuwa fari.A cikin ƙananan fitilu, ana amfani da 1-3 LEDs, a cikin fitilu masu haske - har zuwa 25 LED ko fiye.
Ana ɗora LEDs akan faranti mai rufewa ko gidaje da aka yi da kayan rufewa, a lokuta da yawa suna iya samun kariya ta nau'in kwan fitilar gilashi (kamar fitilun incandescent na al'ada).Irin wannan taro na LED ana haɗa shi da ƙarfe ko filastik tushe, ta inda ake ba da wutar lantarki zuwa LEDs daga tsarin lantarki na motar.
Fitilar fitilun mota na LED
A kan wasu nau'ikan fitilu, ana iya ɓatar da ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai mahimmanci, wanda ke haifar da dumama da gazawar su.Don cire zafi daga irin waɗannan fitilu, an gabatar da ƙarin abubuwan da aka haɗa a cikin ƙirar - m da kuma tsarin sanyaya aiki.Ana ba da sanyaya mai wucewa ta hanyar aluminium heatsinks wanda ke gefen kishiyar taron LED.Heatsink yawanci yana da fins, wanda ke ƙara yanki na ɓangaren kuma yana inganta haɓakar zafi ta hanyar haɗuwa.Radiators an sanye su da fitilun fitilu masu ƙarancin ƙarfi - don inuwar salon, hasken rana, fitilun hazo, da sauransu.
Ana gina tsarin sanyaya aiki bisa tushen radiator da fan, wanda ke ba da busa mai ƙarfi don cire zafi mai yawa daga gare ta.Fan na iya aiki koyaushe lokacin da fitilar ke kunne, ko kuma ana sarrafa ta ta atomatik wanda ke lura da zafin na'urar.Tsarukan sanyaya aiki suna sanye da fitilun fitulu masu ƙarfi don fitilun mota.
Motar LED fitilu suna samuwa don daidaitattun ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki - 6, 12 da 24 V, suna da ƙarfin raka'a na watts, galibi suna canzawa gaba ɗaya tare da fitilun incandescent.
Alamar alama da tushe na fitilun LED
Ya kamata a nuna nan da nan cewa ana samar da fitilun mota na LED tare da nau'ikan iyakoki iri ɗaya kamar fitilun incandescent na al'ada - wannan yana ba da damar shigar da nau'ikan fitilu biyu a cikin abin hawa ba tare da canza tsarin lantarki ba.A lokaci guda, a cikin alamar fitilun LED, zaku iya samun nau'ikan ƙira - nau'in tushe da nau'in fitila mai kama da kamanni.Irin wannan alamar yana sauƙaƙe zaɓin kayan aikin hasken wuta, idan ya cancanta, maye gurbin fitilun fitilu tare da LED ɗaya ko akasin haka.
A cikin ƙasarmu, akwai ma'auni da yawa don fitilu, daga cikinsu akwai ma'auni na tsakiya don tushe GOST IEC 60061-1-2014 (ya shafi tushen haske na kowane nau'i, ciki har da mota, gida, da dai sauransu).Dangane da wannan daftarin aiki da makamantansu na Turai (IEC da DIN), fitilun mota na iya samun nau'ikan iyakoki masu zuwa:
● BA - fil (bayoneti), fil ɗin suna samuwa daidai da juna;
● BAY - fil (bayoneti), ana canza fil ɗaya a tsayi dangane da ɗayan;
● BAZ - fil (bayoneti), wani fil yana canzawa a tsawo da radius dangane da ɗayan;
● E - zaren (a zahiri ba a amfani da su akan motocin zamani);
● P - flanged;
● SV - fitilar soffit tare da tushe mai gefe biyu;
● W - fitilu tare da gilashin gilashi, dangane da fitilun LED - tare da tushe na filastik (sau da yawa ana kiran su fitilu ba tare da tushe ba).
Nau'in tushe da kuma amfani da fitilun LED na motoci
Fihirisar lambobi na alamar tana nuna diamita ko faɗin tushe, kuma harafin bayan lambar yana nuna wasu fasalolin ƙira.Misali, tushe na BA15 na gama gari shine tushe mai diamita 15 mm tare da tsararrun fil biyu masu daidaitawa da tuntuɓar jagora guda ɗaya, gilashin tushe na kunna lamba ta biyu.Kuma BA15d tushe ɗaya ne, amma tare da lambobi guda biyu na jagora (zagaye ko oval), rawar lamba ta uku kuma tana taka rawa ta gilashin tushe.
A cikin layi daya tare da yin alama na iyalai, ana kuma amfani da yin alama mai kama da alamar fitilun mota na yau da kullun.Misali, fitilun T5 da T10 ƙananan fitilu ne masu amfani da nau'in W5W.Ana yin irin wannan tushe a cikin nau'i na filastik filastik, a bangarorin biyu wanda aka nuna lambobin waya guda biyu.Sau da yawa ana sanya fitilun soffit C5W da FT10.Kuma alamar fitilun fitilun LED ana yiwa alama da fitilun halogen - daga H1 zuwa H11, HB1, HB3, HB4, da sauransu.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar ƙayyade cewa wasu nau'ikan madafunan fitila ana yiwa alama ta lambobi.Misali, BA15 plinths a wasu ma'aunai ana yiwa alama "1156/1157", m plinths W21 ana yiwa alama "7440/7443", da dai sauransu.
Yadda za a zabi da maye gurbin fitilar LED na mota
Lokacin zabar fitilar LED (ko fitilu da yawa) don mota, ya kamata ku yi la'akari da nau'in tushe da halayen lantarki na hasken wutar lantarki.A matsayinka na mai mulki, umarnin don aiki, gyare-gyare da kuma kula da abin hawa yana nuna nau'in hasken wuta da aka yi amfani da su da tushe - waɗannan su ne umarnin da ya kamata a bi lokacin siyan.Hakanan kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da ƙarfin lantarki na cibiyar sadarwar motar, kuma zaɓi fitilu masu dacewa.
Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman ga zaɓin fitilu tare da bayonet (pin) tushe da fitilun soffit.Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, iyakoki na BA, BAY da BAZ na iya zama ƙira mai-fiti ɗaya ("s" marking) da ƙira biyu ("d" marking), kuma ba za su iya canzawa ba.A lokaci guda, ana iya shigar da fitilun tare da lambobi biyu na zagaye da m a cikin harsashi ɗaya ba tare da hani ba.Don kauce wa kuskure, wajibi ne a kula da cikakken alamar haske.
Fitilolin Mota na Gargaɗi na LED
Soffit fitilu suna da tushe iri ɗaya tare da diamita na 7 mm (SV7 tushe, nau'in C10W) da 8.5 mm (SV8.5 tushe, nau'in C5W), kuma ya bambanta da tsayi - yana iya zama 31, 36 da 41 mm.
A ƙarshe, lokacin da zaɓin fitilun LED don alamun jagora da fitilun filin ajiye motoci, kuna buƙatar la'akari da cewa fari ne da amber (orange).A cikin alamar fitilu na nau'i na biyu, harafin "Y" ("rawaya") dole ne ya kasance, suna da kwan fitila ko tacewa tare da launi amber, wanda ke ba da wutar da ake so launi ta amfani da m diffuser.
Ana yin maye gurbin fitilun LED daidai da umarnin don gyarawa da kiyaye abin hawa.Lokacin yin wannan aikin, ya zama dole a kashe wutar lantarki ta hanyar sadarwa ta kan jirgin.Sauyawa hanyoyin hasken wuta yawanci yana saukowa ne don tarwatsa na'urar hasken wuta (warke rufi ko diffuser, a yanayin fitilolin mota, tarwatsa su da / ko wani bangare na kwance su), sanya fitilar a cikin kwas ɗin da ya dace, da sake haɗa shi.
Idan an zaɓi fitilar LED kuma an shigar da shi daidai, to haskensa zai tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da aminci na abin hawa na shekaru masu yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-12-2023