Ana amfani da na'urori masu ɗaukar motsi na hydraulic don dakatar da manyan motocin KAMAZ, waɗanda ke taka rawar dampers.Wannan labarin ya bayyana daki-daki da wuri na masu shayarwa a cikin dakatarwa, nau'o'in da nau'o'in abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su, da kuma kulawa da gyaran waɗannan abubuwan.
Gabaɗaya bayanai game da dakatar da motocin KAMAZ
Dakatar da manyan motocin KAMAZ an gina shi ne bisa ga tsarin gargajiya, wanda ke tabbatar da amincin su shekaru da yawa, kuma har yanzu yana da amfani.Duk abubuwan da aka dakatar sun dogara, sun haɗa da abubuwa na roba da damping, wasu samfuran kuma suna da stabilizers.Dogayen leaf maɓuɓɓugan ruwa (yawanci Semi-elliptical) ana amfani da su azaman abubuwa na roba a cikin suspensions, waɗanda aka ɗora akan firam da katako na axle (a cikin dakatarwar gaba da kuma dakatarwar baya na samfuran axle guda biyu) ko a kan katako na katako. axle da axles na ma'auni (a cikin dakatarwar baya na samfuran aksali uku).
Ana kuma amfani da na'urar daukar hodar ibtila'i wajen dakatar da motocin KAMAZ.Ana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa a cikin abubuwa masu zuwa:
- A gaban dakatar da duk samfuran manyan motocin Kama ba tare da togiya ba;
- A dakatar da gaba da baya na wasu nau'ikan motoci guda ɗaya da taraktoci masu tsayi.
Ana amfani da masu ɗaukar girgiza a cikin dakatarwar baya kawai akan nau'ikan manyan motocin axle biyu, waɗanda babu yawa a cikin layin KAMAZ.A halin yanzu, KAMAZ-4308 da ke kan manyan motoci masu matsakaicin nauyi, taraktoci KAMAZ-5460 da sabbin taraktocin KAMAZ-5490 masu tsayi suna da irin wannan dakatarwa.
Shock absorbers a cikin dakatar aiki a matsayin damping bangaren, suna hana mota daga yin lankwasa a kan maɓuɓɓugan ruwa a lokacin da cin nasara kan hanya, da kuma sha da dama gigita da firgita.Duk wannan yana ƙara jin daɗi yayin tuki mota, da kuma inganta yadda ake sarrafa shi kuma, a sakamakon haka, aminci.Mai ɗaukar girgiza wani muhimmin sashi ne na dakatarwa, don haka a cikin yanayin rashin aiki, dole ne a gyara shi ko maye gurbinsa.Kuma don yin gyare-gyare cikin sauri ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba, kuna buƙatar sanin nau'o'in da nau'ikan na'urorin girgiza da ake amfani da su akan manyan motocin KAMAZ.
Nau'o'i da samfuran masu ɗaukar girgiza KAMAZ dakatarwa
Har zuwa yau, Kamfanin Kama Automobile Plant yana amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwan girgiza da yawa:
- Compact shock absorbers tare da tsayin 450 mm da bugun piston na 230 mm don dakatarwar gaba da baya na tarakta KAMAZ-5460;
- Ana amfani da masu ɗaukar girgizar ƙasa tare da tsayin 460 mm da bugun piston na 275 mm a gaban dakatarwar da yawancin motocin da ke kwance, tarakta da manyan juji (KAMAZ-5320, 53212, 5410, 54112, 5511, 55111 da sauransu). kuma ana shigar da waɗannan masu ɗaukar girgiza a gaba da na baya na motoci masu faffaɗa biyu KAMAZ-4308;
- Shock absorbers tare da tsawon 475 mm tare da fistan bugun 300 mm ana amfani da a gaban dakatar KAMAZ-43118 kashe-hanya motocin.Ana amfani da waɗannan masu ɗaukar girgiza a cikin sigar tare da dutsen "sanda-sanda" a cikin dakatarwar bas ɗin NefAZ;
- Shock absorbers tare da tsawon 485 mm tare da fistan bugun jini na 300 mm ana amfani da a cikin KAMAZ Semi-trailers, kazalika a gaban dakatar a wasu sojojin kashe-hanya motocin (KAMAZ-4310);
- Ana shigar da masu ɗaukar girgiza mai tsayi mai tsayi tare da tsayin 500 mm tare da bugun piston na 325 mm a gaban dakatarwar sabbin motocin KAMAZ-65112 da 6520.
Duk waɗannan masu ɗaukar girgiza na'urar lantarki ce ta gargajiya, waɗanda aka yi su bisa tsarin tsarin bututu biyu.Yawancin masu ɗaukar girgiza suna da dutsen ido-da-ido, amma abubuwan da ke cikin motocin NefAZ suna da tudun sanda-zuwa-kwari.Shock absorbers na halin yanzu model na juji motoci daga BAAZ sanye take da elongated roba casing, samar da mafi kyau kariya daga ruwa da kuma datti.
Dukkanin motocin KAMAZ suna sanye da na'urorin girgiza da aka yi da Belarus.Ana ba da samfuran masana'anta guda biyu zuwa masu jigilar kaya:
- BAAZ (Baranovichi Automobile Aggregate Plant) - birnin Baranovichi;
- GZAA (Grodno Plant of Automobile Units) - birnin Grodno.
BAAZ da GZAA suna ba da duk irin waɗannan nau'ikan na'urorin girgiza, kuma waɗannan samfuran ana kawo su kasuwa da yawa, don haka maye gurbinsu (da kuma gyaran dakatarwar manyan motoci gabaɗaya) ana iya yin su cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ba tare da ƙarin farashi ba. .
Har ila yau, ana ba da masu ɗaukar girgiza don manyan motocin KAMAZ daga masana'antar Ukrainian FLP ODUD (Melitopol) a ƙarƙashin alamar OSV, da kuma NPO ROSTAR na Rasha (Naberezhnye Chelny) da kamfanin Belarushiyanci FENOX (Minsk).Wannan yana faɗaɗa zaɓin masu ɗaukar girgiza kuma yana buɗe hanyar adana kuɗi.
Batutuwa na kiyayewa da gyaran abubuwan girgiza
Samfuran zamani na masu shayarwa na hydraulic ba su buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.Har ila yau, wajibi ne don duba yanayin bushings na roba da aka sanya a cikin idanu masu girgiza - idan bushings sun lalace ko fashe, ya kamata a maye gurbin su.
Idan mai ɗaukar abin girgiza ya ƙare albarkatunsa ko yana da mummunan aiki (yayiwar mai, lalacewar jiki ko sanda, lalata kayan ɗamara, da sauransu), to yakamata a maye gurbin sashin.Yawancin lokaci, masu ɗaukar girgiza suna haɗe da yatsu biyu kawai (kullun) a saman sama da ƙasa, don haka maye gurbin wannan ɓangaren yana raguwa kawai don kwance waɗannan kusoshi.Aikin ya fi dacewa don yin a kan rami na dubawa, tun da yake a cikin wannan yanayin babu buƙatar cire ƙafafun.
Tare da maye gurbin abin girgiza mai ɗaukar lokaci, dakatarwar motar zai ba da kwanciyar hankali da amincin motar a kowane yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-27-2023