Yawancin injunan da ke sarrafa sarkar na zamani suna amfani da na'urori masu tayar da hankali.Komai game da masu tayar da ruwa na hydraulic, abubuwan da suke da su da kuma siffofi na aikin, da kuma zaɓi na daidai da maye gurbin waɗannan na'urori - karanta labarin da aka gabatar akan shafin.
Mene ne na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lokaci sarkar tensioner?
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lokaci sarkar tensioner (na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa sarkar tensioner) ne mai taimako naúrar da sarkar drive na iskar gas rarraba;na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda na musamman zane cewa samar da zama dole a girma da kuma akai a cikin lokaci (m na halin yanzu yanayin zafi yanayi, lodi da lalacewa na sassa) tsangwama na sarkar.
Sarkar tuƙi na camshaft har yanzu yana yaduwa, wanda ya kasance saboda amincinsa da juriya ga manyan lodi.Duk da haka, sarkar tana ƙarƙashin haɓakar thermal (kamar yadda aka yi shi da ƙarfe), kuma bayan lokaci ya ƙare kuma ya shimfiɗa - duk wannan yana haifar da canji a cikin tsangwama na sarkar, wanda ya bayyana ta hanyar karuwa da ƙararrawa. , kuma a ƙarshe na iya haifar da zamewa tare da haƙoran taurari, canza matakai har ma da lalata sassa ɗaya.Duk waɗannan matsalolin ana magance su ta hanyar amfani da na'ura na musamman - sarkar sarkar hydraulic.
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tensioner yana yin ayyuka guda biyu:
● Kulawa ta atomatik na tsangwama na sarkar lokacin da aka sawa da ja;
● Rage girgizar reshen da'ira yayin aikin injin.
Yin amfani da wannan na'urar yana sa ba lallai ba ne don daidaita matakin tsangwama na sarkar da hannu, kuma yana kawar da mummunar lalacewa na sassan tuƙi a hankali.Har ila yau, saboda ƙirarsa, mai tayar da hankali na hydraulic yana dame girgizawa da girgizar sarkar, yana rage nauyin da ke kan sassan da kuma yawan sautin na'urar.Kuskuren hydraulic tensioner na iya zama tushen matsaloli, don haka yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa da wuri-wuri.Amma kafin siye ko oda sabon sarkar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, ya kamata ku fahimci ƙira da aiki na waɗannan na'urori.
Hydraulic Chain TensionerZane sarkar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa
Nau'i, ƙira da ka'idar aiki na masu tayar da hankali na sarkar hydraulic
Tsarin aiki na spring-hydraulic sarkar tensioner na VAZ injuna
A ka'ida, duk masu tayar da ruwa na zamani suna da tsari iri ɗaya da ka'idar aiki, sun bambanta kawai a cikin cikakkun bayanai da ƙarin ayyuka.Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi jikin silinda na ƙarfe, wanda a gabansa akwai plunger, kuma a baya - taron bawul.An kafa rufaffiyar rami mai aiki tsakanin plunger da taron bawul.An yi plunger a cikin nau'i na silinda maras kyau wanda zai iya tafiya tare da jiki, yana da kaya a cikin bazara, a cikin sashinsa na gaba akwai wani wuri don tsayawa a cikin takalma ko lever tare da sarkar sarkar sprocket.Ana kiyaye plunger daga zamewa daga jiki ta fil ko na'urar kullewa ta musamman.Ƙungiyar bawul ɗin tana ɗauke da bawul ɗin duba da ke gefen plunger.Bawul ɗin an yi shi ne da ƙwallon marmari wanda ke rufe tashar samar da mai.Ƙwallon zai iya motsawa kawai zuwa rami mai aiki.
Tsananin Tensioner Ba tare da Ramin Reserve ba
Ana yin flange mai hawa akan jikin mai tayar da hankali, sannan kuma an tanadar da rami mai zare don haɗa bututu ko bututu daga tsarin lubrication na injin.An ɗora na'urar kusa da sarkar, mai shigar da ita yana dogara ne akan takalma ko lever, saboda haka ana watsa ƙarfin zuwa sarkar lokaci.
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tensioner yana aiki kamar haka.Lokacin da injin ya fara, ana ba da man da aka matsa zuwa ga bawul ɗin dubawa kuma, bayan an shawo kan ƙarfin bazara, ana ba da shi zuwa rami mai aiki.Ƙarƙashin aikin matsi da aka halicce, plunger ya shimfiɗa daga jiki kuma ya dogara da takalma ko sprocket lever.Mai motsi mai motsi yana haifar da karfi a ƙarƙashin abin da aka ja sarkar, amma a wani lokaci tsangwama ya kai matsakaicin darajarsa - karfin mai a cikin rami mai aiki bai isa ba don ƙarin motsi na plunger.A wannan lokaci, sarkar ta riga ta haifar da matsa lamba a kan plunger, kuma a wani lokaci ana kwatanta nauyin man fetur a cikin rami mai aiki tare da matsa lamba na man fetur da ke fitowa daga tsarin lubrication na injin - wannan yana haifar da rufewar bawul ɗin rajistan.Ta wannan hanyar, an kulle man fetur a cikin rami mai aiki, plunger ba zai iya motsawa ba, sarkar ya kasance a cikin matsayi mai mahimmanci.Lokacin da motar ta tsaya, irin wannan tashin hankali ya kasance a cikin matsayi na aiki, yana hana tsangwama na sarkar daga raunana.
A hankali, ana fitar da sarkar lokaci, wanda ke haifar da raguwar matsin lamba da yake yi akan plunger.A wani lokaci, matsa lamba a cikin rami mai aiki ya zama ƙasa da matsa lamba daga tsarin lubrication na injin - wannan yana haifar da buɗe bawul ɗin rajistan kuma maimaita duk hanyoyin da aka bayyana a sama.A karkashin aikin matsa lamba mai, plunger ya kara dan kadan daga gidaje kuma yana ramawa don shimfiɗa sarkar, lokacin da tsangwama na sarkar ya kai darajar da ake bukata kuma, bawul ɗin rajistan zai rufe.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa a lokacin da engine aiki, da tensioner aiki a matsayin damper - man da aka rufe a cikin kogon aiki partially absorbs shocks da sarkar vibrations daukar kwayar cutar zuwa plunger.Wannan yana rage hayaniyar tuƙi kuma yana ƙara rayuwar sassansa.
A yau, akwai gyare-gyare da yawa na masu tayar da hankali na hydraulic na sarkar, sun bambanta a wasu siffofi na zane.
Masu tayar da ruwa na hydraulic tare da rami ajiya.A cikin irin waɗannan na'urori, akwai wani rami a bayan taron bawul, wanda akwai ƙaramin adadin man fetur - wannan yana inganta aikin tsarin sarkar sarkar a cikin yanayin injuna na wucin gadi da sauran yanayi.Har ila yau, an yi ɗan ƙaramin rami a cikin rami don zubar da jini, wanda ke hana mai daga iska a cikin rami mai aiki.
Masu tayar da ruwa na hydraulic tare da tsarin kulle plunger dangane da zoben kulle da tsagi.A cikin irin waɗannan na'urori, ana yin tsagi na annular a cikin akwati, wanda yake a wani ɗan nesa da juna, kuma zoben riƙewa yana kan plunger.Lokacin da plunger ke motsawa, zoben riƙewa yana tsalle daga tsagi zuwa tsagi, wanda ya sami nasarar shigar da sashin a cikin tsayayyen wuri.
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tensioners tare da kewaye maƙura (zubar da man fetur a cikin tsarin).A cikin irin waɗannan na'urori, ƙungiyar bawul ɗin tana da maƙarƙashiya (ƙananan ramin diamita), wanda ke tabbatar da cewa an fitar da mai daga rami mai aiki zuwa cikin tsarin lubrication na injin.Kasancewar magudanar ruwa yana inganta halayen damping na mai tayar da hankali kuma yana ba da damar plunger ba kawai don matsawa gaba ba, har ma da juzu'in nutsewa cikin jiki tare da haɓakar ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin sarkar sarkar.
A yau, duk waɗannan na'urori ana amfani da su akan injuna.Yawancin lokaci, daya daga cikin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tensioner tabbatar da al'ada aiki na daya kawai sarkar, don haka ana amfani da tensioner daya a kan Motors da daya lokaci sarkar, da kuma biyu tare da biyu sarkar.Za a iya ba da sassa daban ko haɗa su tare da madauri, takalma da sauran na'urori masu taimako.Yawancin masu tayar da hankali suna sanye da abin duba kariya wanda ke hana tsawaita buɗaɗɗen bututun a lokacin sufuri, ana cire wannan cak lokacin da aka ɗora ɓangaren akan motar.Akwai wasu kayayyaki, amma a gaba ɗaya suna aiki a cikin hanyar da aka bayyana a sama, sun bambanta kawai a wasu cikakkun bayanai.
Yadda za a zaɓa da maye gurbin sarkar lokaci mai ɗaukar nauyi mai ɗaukar nauyi
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tensioner yana fuskantar gagarumin lodi, don haka a kan lokaci zai iya rasa tightness ko kasa saboda karya na bawul, spring da sauran sassa.Rashin aiki na wannan bangare yana bayyana ta hanyar ƙarar hayaniya na motar sarkar lokaci, kuma idan an duba kai tsaye (wanda ke buƙatar ɓarnawar injin ɗin), ana gano shi ta hanyar raunana sarkar, rashin motsi ko, akasin haka, kuma motsi kyauta na plunger. .Dole ne a maye gurbin na'urar tashe tashen hankula da wuri-wuri.
Ya kamata a ɗauki wani yanki na maye gurbin nau'in da samfurin da aka shigar a baya (aka ƙayyade ta lambar kasida).Amfani da wani nau'in tashin hankali na ruwa na daban na iya haifar da rashin isasshen ko tsangwama ga sarkar da lalacewa gabaɗayan tuƙi.Don haka, ya kamata a shigar da na'urar "marasa asali" kawai a cikin yanayin da ya dace daidai da na "yan ƙasa" dangane da halaye.
Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa sarkar tensioner tare da plunger kulle inji da mai juyi magudanar ruwa
Dole ne a gudanar da aikin gyare-gyare daidai da umarnin injin.Yawancin lokaci, don maye gurbin mai tayar da hankali, kuna buƙatar samun damar hanyar tafiyar lokaci (wanda ke buƙatar cire murfin injin gaba, da kuma wani lokacin aiwatar da ɓarna mafi mahimmanci na naúrar), kuma kawai cire kusoshi biyu da ke riƙe da wannan ɓangaren.Sa'an nan kuma an sanya sabon mai tayar da hankali a wurinsa, kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙarin sassa (gasket, like, tsaka-tsakin sassan tsakanin plunger da takalma / lever na matsa lamba, da dai sauransu).Bai kamata a cika sabon na'urar da mai ba, kuma kada a tsawanta mai shigar da shi da hannu, in ba haka ba na'urar ba za ta samar da tsangwama ga sarkar da ake so ba bayan fara injin.Bayan maye gurbin sashin, duba matakin mai a cikin tsarin lubrication kuma, idan ya cancanta, kawo shi zuwa al'ada.
A farkon farkon motar bayan gyaran gyare-gyare, za a ji karar sarkar daga gefen motar, amma bayan 'yan seconds - lokacin da rami mai aiki na mai tayar da hankali ya cika kuma plunger yana cikin matsayi na aiki - ya kamata ya ɓace. .Idan karar ba ta bace ba, to shigar da sashin ba daidai ba ne ko kuma akwai wasu kurakurai.Tare da daidaitaccen zaɓi da maye gurbin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, sarkar koyaushe za ta sami tsangwama mafi kyau, kuma lokacin motar zai yi aiki da tabbaci a kowane yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-13-2023