A kan yawancin motocin gida (da kuma a kan yawancin motocin da aka kera daga waje), ana amfani da tsarin gargajiya na tuƙi mai saurin gudu daga akwatin gear ta amfani da madaidaicin madauri na musamman.Karanta game da abin da madaidaicin madaidaicin ma'aunin saurin gudu, yadda yake aiki da yadda yake aiki a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene madaidaicin madaidaicin magudanar ruwa?
Maɗaukakin madaidaicin ma'aunin saurin wani sinadari ne na tuƙin injina da na'urori masu saurin gudu na motoci.Ayyukan ma'auni mai sassauƙa shine don canja wurin juzu'i daga shaft na biyu na akwatin gear zuwa naúrar saurin sauri da odometer na sauri.Hakanan, wannan ɓangaren yana warware matsalolin fasaha da tsarin da yawa, alal misali, yana tabbatar da aikin yau da kullun na ma'aunin saurin sauri ba tare da la'akari da matsayinsa dangane da akwatin gear ba, yana ba ku damar watsar da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi, da sauransu.
A cikin shekaru 20 da suka wuce, madaidaitan ma'aunin saurin gudu sun yi hasarar ƙasa sosai ga na'urori masu saurin gudu da na'urorin lantarki, amma har yanzu ana amfani da sassauƙan watsawa akan motoci marasa tsada da masana'antar kera motoci ta cikin gida.Na'urar gudun injina ko na'urar lantarki mai sassauƙan tuƙi ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mafi arha don auna gudu, don haka da wuya a iya maye gurbinsa da na'urorin lantarki gaba ɗaya a shekaru masu zuwa.
Ta yaya madaidaicin sandar na'urar saurin gudu ke aiki?
Shafi mai sassauƙa yana da na'urar da ba ta da rikitarwa sosai.Tushen igiya shine kebul na karfe, wanda aka karkatar da shi daga nau'i uku, hudu ko biyar na waya zagaye (har ila yau, kebul yana da ginshikin karfe, wanda wayar ta raunata).Dukansu ƙarshen kebul ɗin suna da ɓangaren giciye mai murabba'i tare da gefen 2, 2.6 ko 2.7 mm a tsayin 20-25 mm - ta hanyar murabba'i, kebul ɗin yana haɗa da tuƙi kuma zuwa ma'aunin saurin gudu.
Ana sanya kebul ɗin a cikin kariya ta sulke (ko kawai sulke) - bututu mai sassauƙa wanda aka murɗa daga wani ƙarfe mai rauni ko kuma tef ɗin filastik.Kariyar makamai don 2/3 na tsawon yana cike da maiko na nau'in Litol - wannan yana tabbatar da jujjuyawar kebul ɗin sa daidai ba tare da cunkoso ba, da kuma kariya ta lalata.Makamin, bi da bi, yana da murfin kariya da aka yi da PVC, polyethylene ko roba mai jurewa mai.Za a iya samun maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu kariya a kan ramin, da kuma ɗaya ko fiye da ƙugiya na roba (bushings) don kare kariya daga lalacewa ga harsashin shaft lokacin wucewa ta ramuka a cikin abubuwan tsarin motar.
A ƙarshen kariyar sulke, nonuwa suna haɗe da ƙarfi - sassan conical waɗanda ƙwayayen haɗin gwiwa ke kan su don haɗawa da akwatin gear da ma'aunin sauri.Ana iya yin ƙwaya da nonuwa da filastik ko ƙarfe.A gefen gearbox, goro yana da girman girma.A gefe guda na kebul ɗin akwai mai wanki mai kulle (fadada), wanda ke kan kafada a cikin nono, kuma yana hana motsi na dogon lokaci na kebul a cikin sulke (ana kuma buƙatar sabis na shaft - bayan cire mai wanki. , za ku iya fitar da kebul ɗin kuma ku cika sulke da man shafawa).
Halaye da ƙira na sanduna masu sassauƙa da aka ƙera a Rasha ana tsara su ta ma'aunin GOST 12391-77.Dangane da ma'auni, motoci da babura suna sanye take da sanduna masu sassauƙa na ma'aunin saurin gudu tare da jujjuyawar hannun hagu na nau'in nau'in nau'in rugujewa (tare da kebul mai cirewa, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama) tare da nau'ikan haɗin kai da yawa daga akwatin gear da ma'aunin sauri (kazalika. kamar yadda raƙuman da kansu, haɗin haɗin gwiwa don shigarwar su an daidaita su).Tsawon sandunan na iya zuwa daga 530 mm zuwa mita da yawa, amma mafi yawan amfani da ramukan suna daga mita 1 zuwa 3.5 a tsayi.
Ta yaya madaidaicin madaidaicin ma'aunin saurin gudu ke aiki?
Shaft yana aiki kawai.Lokacin da abin hawa ke motsawa, ana watsa jujjuyawar juzu'i daga shaft na biyu na gearbox ta hanyar kayan aiki da na'urar ɗaure zuwa ƙarshen kebul na shaft.Kebul, saboda ƙirarsa, yana da tsayin daka mai tsayi (amma kawai da jujjuyawar hagu, tare da jujjuyawar baya sai ya fara kwancewa kuma yana iya makalewa a cikin sulke), don haka idan ƙarshen ɗaya ya murɗa, yana jujjuya tsawonsa gaba ɗaya.Haka kuma, kebul ɗin yana jujjuya gaba ɗaya, don haka canjin saurin jujjuyawar shaft na biyu na akwatin gear kusan nan take yana shafar canjin jujjuyawar firikwensin saurin mota a cikin ma'aunin saurin gudu.Don haka, jujjuyawar jujjuyawar kaya a akwatin gear ana watsa shi koyaushe ta hanyar kebul na shaft mai sassauƙa zuwa taron saurin gudu, kuma direban yana da ikon bin saurin motar.
A tsawon lokaci, kebul ɗin yana rasa halayen ƙarfinsa, ƙarshen sashe na murabba'i da soket ɗin suna karya (rasa lissafi), kuma yana buƙatar sauyawa.Duk da haka, ba a buƙatar maye gurbin da gyarawa sau da yawa - albarkatun masu sassauƙa masu sassauƙa har zuwa mita 2 tsayi aƙalla kilomita dubu 150, tsayin tsayi - aƙalla 75 dubu kilomita.
Idan akwai lalacewa ko raguwa, ana buƙatar maye gurbin madaidaicin madaidaicin magudanar, kuma dole ne a yi shi da wuri-wuri - aikin mota tare da ma'aunin saurin da ba ya aiki an hana shi ta dokokin zirga-zirga (sakin layi na 7.4 na " Jerin rashin aiki da yanayin da aka haramta aikin abin hawa").Kuma ko da yake, bisa ga doka, ma'aunin saurin gudu ba zai iya haifar da hukunci ba, duk da haka, wannan rushewar ya sa ba zai yiwu a sami katin bincike ba, kuma yana iya haifar da keta iyakar gudun - kuma irin wannan cin zarafi an riga an hukunta shi ta hanyar tara kuma yana iya samun ƙarin. mummunan sakamako.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-24-2023