n dakatarwar manyan motoci, bas da sauran kayan aiki, akwai abubuwan da ke ramawa ga lokacin amsawa - jet rods.Haɗin sanduna tare da katako na gadoji da firam ɗin ana aiwatar da su tare da taimakon yatsu - karanta game da waɗannan sassa, nau'ikan su da ƙirar su, da kuma maye gurbin yatsunsu a cikin labarin.
Menene yatsa sandar amsawa
Fitar jirgin jet wani bangare ne na dakatar da manyan motoci, bas, tireloli da sauran kayan aiki;sashi a cikin nau'i na yatsa ko yatsa tare da ƙuƙwalwar ƙarfe-karfe, wanda shine axis na haɗin haɗin igiya na sanda tare da firam da katako na gada.
A cikin manyan motoci, bas da ƙananan tirela, ana amfani da dakatarwar dogaro da nau'in ma'aunin bazara da bazara, wanda, tare da ƙira mai sauƙi da babban abin dogaro, yana da wasu matsaloli.Daya daga cikin wadannan kura-kurai shi ne bukatar rama karfin jujjuyawar aiki da birki da ke faruwa a lokacin da motar ke motsi.Lokacin amsawa yana faruwa ne lokacin da ƙafafun motar axle ke juyawa, wannan lokacin yana ƙoƙarin karkatar da axle a gaba da gaba, wanda ke haifar da lalacewar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da bayyanar dakaru marasa daidaituwa a cikin raka'o'in dakatarwa daban-daban.Juyin birki yana aiki makamancin haka, amma yana da sabanin alkibla.Don ramawa da karfin jujjuyawar amsawa da birki, da kuma tabbatar da haɗin axles ko trolley tare da firam ɗin ba tare da rasa ikon motsa sassan dakatarwa a cikin jirgin sama na tsaye ba, an gabatar da ƙarin abubuwa a cikin dakatarwa - sanduna jet.
Jet sanduna suna ɗora su zuwa ginshiƙan axle da maƙallan a kan firam ɗin tare da taimakon hinges waɗanda ke ba da damar jujjuya sandunan dangane da katako da firam ɗin yayin canza matsayi na sassan dakatarwa a lokutan shawo kan rashin daidaituwa na hanya, lokacin da karban gudu da birki.Tushen hinges sune sassa na musamman - yatsun yatsun jet.
Yatsar sandar amsawa yana yin ayyuka da yawa:
● Haɗin injiniya na sanda tare da sassan dakatarwa da firam ɗin abin hawa;
● Yana aiki azaman axis na haɗin gwiwar swivel, dangane da abin da sanda ke juyawa;
● A cikin sanduna tare da hinges na roba-karfe - damping shocks da vibrations, hana su canja wurin daga dakatarwa zuwa firam da kuma a gaban shugabanci.
Fin ɗin sandar amsa wani muhimmin abu ne na dakatarwa, don haka idan ya sa, ya lalace ko ya karye, dole ne a maye gurbinsa.Amma don gyare-gyaren amincewa, kana buƙatar sanin abin da yatsunsu suke, yadda aka tsara su, yadda suke bambanta da juna, da kuma yadda za a zabi su daidai.
Nau'i, ƙira da fasali na fil na sandar amsawa
Da farko, yatsun jet sanduna sun kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyi bisa ga hanyar shigarwa da kuma fastening:
● Ƙwallon ƙafa guda ɗaya;
● Yatsu masu goyan baya.
Sassan nau'in farko sune daidaitattun yatsu waɗanda aka yi su a cikin nau'i na sandar juzu'i tare da ball a wannan ƙarshen kuma zare a ɗayan.Wurin siffar nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i)) kuma sandar ta shiga cikin rami a cikin madaidaicin firam ko katako na gada.Ana yin shigar da yatsa a cikin sanda a tsakanin nau'i biyu na zobe na karfe (breadcrumbs) tare da sassan ciki na hemispherical wanda ƙwallon yatsa yana juyawa da yardar kaina.Sashin sanda na fil yana fitowa daga sanda ta hanyar hatimin mai, an gyara yatsa ta amfani da murfin da aka rufe, an shigar da mai mai a cikin wannan murfin don cika hinge da man shafawa.A cikin wasu sanduna, goyon bayan conical spring yana samuwa a tsakanin fil da murfin, wanda ke tabbatar da daidai matsayi na sassan.
Fin-kunne mai ɗaukar ƙwallo ɗaya sun kasu kashi biyu:
● Standard karfe ("bare");
● Tare da hadedde rubber-metal hinge (RMS).
Zane-zanen sandar amsawa da hinge
An kwatanta zane na yatsa na nau'in farko a sama, yatsun na biyu an shirya su kamar haka, duk da haka, wani shinge na roba-karfe yana samuwa a cikin su daga gefen shigarwa a cikin sanda, wanda ke ba da damping na girgiza da damuwa. girgiza.An yi RMS a cikin nau'i na zobe da aka yi da roba mai yawa ko polyurethane, wanda ke kewaye da ciki na yatsa tare da tsawo.Bugu da ƙari, ana iya gyara RMS da zoben ƙarfe.
Yana da ban sha'awa a lura cewa a yau ana ba da yatsunsu na jet sanduna "tare da albarkatu biyu" - a cikin zuciyar irin waɗannan sassa akwai nau'in ƙwallon ƙafa na yau da kullum, a kan ɓangaren ɓangaren wanda akwai shinge na roba-karfe.Bayan an sanya zobe na roba (ko polyurethane), an cire yatsa, an cire ragowar RMS daga gare ta, kuma a cikin wannan nau'i an sake shigar da sashin a cikin sanda ta hanyar layi.Yatsa na wannan nau'in alama mai ban sha'awa don siyan, amma ingancin irin waɗannan samfuran ba koyaushe bane, kuma don maye gurbin su na yau da kullun wajibi ne don bincika dakatarwa akai-akai kuma kada ku rasa lokacin da RMS ya ƙare, da ɓangaren mai siffar zobe. na yatsa har yanzu bai yi hulɗa da barbell ba.Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar saitin ƙarin sassa don sake shigar da yatsa, wanda ke ƙara farashin gyarawa.
Har ila yau, an raba fil ɗin tallafi guda ɗaya zuwa nau'i biyu bisa ga hanyar gyara goro daga gefen gadar katako ko firam:
● Gyarawa tare da tsutsa;
● Gyara tare da mai shuka.
Fin ɗin sandar amsawa tare da hinge na roba-karfe
A cikin akwati na farko, ana amfani da kambi na goro, wanda, bayan daɗaɗɗa, an toshe shi ta hanyar ƙugiya mai ratsawa ta cikin rami mai juzu'i a cikin ɓangaren zaren fil ɗin.A cikin akwati na biyu, an gyara goro tare da mai shuka (spring split washer), wanda aka sanya a ƙarƙashin goro.Babu rami a yatsa ga mai shuka a gefen zaren.
Fil masu ɗaure biyu su ne sanduna, a cikin ɓangaren da aka faɗaɗa na tsakiya wanda akwai maɗaurin roba-karfe.Irin wannan yatsa yana da ramuka masu jujjuyawa a bangarorin biyu, ko rami a gefe guda, da kuma tashar makafi a daya.An shigar da yatsa a cikin sanda, gyarawa tare da zoben riƙewa da murfi, ana iya samun O-ring tsakanin zoben riƙewa da RMS.Sandunan jet na iya samun yatsu masu goyan baya ɗaya ko biyu a lokaci ɗaya, ɗaure irin waɗannan yatsunsu zuwa firam ko katako ana aiwatar da su ta amfani da maƙallan musamman tare da sandunan zaren counter (yatsu) da kwayoyi.
Yatsan sandar dauki shine goyon baya biyu tare da hingeD na roba-karfe
Fil na jet sanduna an yi su ne da inganci da ingancin tsarin carbon da matsakaicin carbon karfe na maki 45, 58 (55pp) da makamantansu, da kuma gami da 45X da makamantansu.An kashe ɓangaren sikelin fil ɗin tare da manyan igiyoyi masu tsayi zuwa zurfin 4 mm, wanda ke tabbatar da haɓaka taurin (har zuwa 56-62 HRC) kuma yana sa juriya na ɓangaren.Sassan ciki na kayan aikin karfe da aka yi amfani da su tare da daidaitattun fitilun ƙwallon ƙafa kuma ana kashe su zuwa ƙimar taurin irin wannan - wannan yana tabbatar da tsayin daka don sawa gabaɗayan hinge.
Yadda za a zaɓa da maye gurbin fil ɗin sandar amsawa
Yatsu na sandunan amsawa da sassan da ke hade da su ana yin su akai-akai da manyan kaya, wanda a hankali ya haifar da lalacewa, kuma tare da bugun jini mai karfi, yatsa na iya lalacewa ko lalata.Ana nuna buƙatar maye gurbin yatsunsu ta hanyar ƙarar koma baya a cikin haɗin ƙwallon ƙwallon, da kuma lalacewar inji mai gani.A cikin waɗannan lokuta, dole ne a maye gurbin yatsa, kuma ana bada shawara don canza sassan mating - abubuwan da aka saka (crackers) na ƙwallon ƙafa na yau da kullum, maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, hatimi.
Ire-iren waɗancan nau'ikan da lambobin kasidar da aka ba da shawarar masu yin abin hawa ko dakatarwa ya kamata a ɗauka don maye gurbinsu.Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, yana yiwuwa a maye gurbin fil ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa na al'ada tare da fil ɗin RMS mai goyon baya guda ɗaya tare da kawar da crackers da sauran abubuwan da suka dace.Mafi dacewa bayani don gyare-gyare shine cikakken kayan gyaran gyare-gyare, wanda, ban da yatsa kanta, ya haɗa da crackers, O-rings da riko da zobba, maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara.
Dole ne a yi maye gurbin yatsa daidai da umarnin gyara na musamman mota, bas ko tirela.Yawancin lokaci, aikin yana saukowa don tarwatsa duk sandar, rarraba shi, tsaftace shi, shigar da sabon fil da kuma hawan sandar da aka haɗa a kan dakatarwa.A matsayinka na mai mulki, kwayoyi biyu zuwa hudu suna buƙatar cirewa don cire sanda ɗaya, kuma a cikin yanayin fil ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa na al'ada, ana iya buƙatar pre-pinning.Matsaloli na iya tasowa a matakin wargaza sandar, yayin da sassan suka yi tsami ko matsi saboda nakasu, kuma rarrabuwar na buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa.Kuma a wasu lokuta, wajibi ne a yi amfani da masu jan hankali na musamman.
Sanda mai amsawa cikakke da yatsu
Sanda mai amsawa tare da fil masu ɗauka biyu
Bayan shigar da sabbin fitilun ƙwallon ƙafa, ana buƙatar cika sandar da mai ta hanyar mai, sannan a yi amfani da nau'ikan lubricants da masana'anta suka ba da shawarar (yawanci Litol-24, Solidol da makamantansu, yana da kyau a yi amfani da sinadarai masu guba). taswirar man shafawa na mota).A nan gaba, sabon maiko yana sake cika tare da kowane kulawa na yanayi.
An shigar da taro na sanda tare da fil a cikin dakatarwa ta amfani da ɗaya ko wata hanyar gyara goro - cotter pin ko grower.Sayen waɗannan sassa, idan ba su zo a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayan gyara ba, ya kamata a kula da su a gaba.
Madaidaicin zaɓi na fil da maye gurbinsa, da kuma kulawa na yau da kullun na hinges na sandunan amsawa yana ɗaya daga cikin tushe na amintaccen aiki mai aminci na duk dakatarwar mota, bas, tirela da sauran kayan aiki.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-11-2023